Nursing Elites

1. When is a solution formed?

• A. One substance dissolves in another
• B. Two or more substances react chemically
• C. A solid changes to a liquid
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A solution is formed when one substance dissolves in another. This process creates a homogeneous mixture where the solute is dispersed in the solvent, resulting in a uniform composition throughout the mixture. Choice B is incorrect because chemical reactions involve the transformation of substances into new compounds, not the formation of solutions. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a physical change from a solid to a liquid, not the formation of a solution. Choice D is incorrect as one substance dissolving in another is the defining characteristic of a solution.

2. Which of the following structures in the skin is responsible for producing sweat?

• A. Sebaceous gland
• B. Sudoriferous gland
• C. Hair follicle
• D. Melanocyte

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sudoriferous gland. Sudoriferous glands, also known as sweat glands, are responsible for producing sweat to regulate body temperature. Sebaceous glands produce sebum (oil) to lubricate the skin and hair. Hair follicles are associated with hair growth, not sweat production. Melanocytes are responsible for producing melanin for skin pigmentation, not sweat.

3. Which state of matter has a definite shape and volume but can flow?

• A. Solid
• B. Liquid
• C. Gas
• D. Plasma

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A liquid is the state of matter that has a definite volume but can flow and take the shape of its container. Solids have a definite shape and volume but do not flow as liquids do. Gases do not have a definite shape or volume but can flow to fill their container. Plasma is a state of matter where the particles are highly energized and do not have a definite shape or volume, thus not fitting the description of having a definite shape and volume while being able to flow.

4. Which of the following is the main organ responsible for storing energy?

• A. Liver
• B. Heart
• C. Kidneys
• D. Adipose tissue

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Adipose tissue, commonly known as body fat, is the main organ responsible for storing energy in the form of triglycerides. It serves as a reserve of energy that can be utilized when needed. The liver primarily regulates glucose levels and stores glycogen for short-term energy needs but is not the main organ for long-term energy storage. The heart's main function is to pump blood throughout the body and is not involved in energy storage. The kidneys are essential for filtering blood and maintaining fluid balance but are not responsible for storing energy.

5. What property of a wave determines its pitch in sound waves?

• A. Amplitude
• B. Frequency
• C. Wavelength
• D. Speed

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The pitch of a sound wave is determined by its frequency. Frequency is the number of cycles of a wave that occur in a unit of time, usually measured in hertz (Hz). Higher frequencies correspond to higher pitches, while lower frequencies correspond to lower pitches. Amplitude refers to the height of a wave and is related to the loudness of the sound. Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive points in a wave that are in phase, and speed is the rate at which a wave travels through a medium. Therefore, the correct answer is frequency as it directly correlates with the pitch of a sound wave.

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