Nursing Elites

1. Why do Neon (Ne) and Helium (He) belong to Group 18 (Noble Gases)?

• A. Electromagnetism
• B. Gravity
• C. Strong nuclear force
• D. Weak nuclear force

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Neon (Ne) and Helium (He) belong to Group 18 (Noble Gases) because they have complete and stable outer electron shells. The stability of these outer electron shells is due to the balance of attractive forces between the positively charged protons in the nucleus and the negatively charged electrons in the outer shell. This balance is maintained by the electromagnetic force, which is responsible for holding atoms together and determining their chemical properties. Gravity (Choice B) is a force of attraction between objects with mass and is not responsible for the stability of electron shells. The strong nuclear force (Choice C) and weak nuclear force (Choice D) are forces that act within the nucleus of an atom and are not directly related to the stability of outer electron shells in determining an element's group in the periodic table.

2. A ball is thrown horizontally off a cliff with a speed of 10 m/s. What is the horizontal distance the ball travels before hitting the ground?

• A. 10 m
• B. 20 m
• C. 30 m
• D. Cannot be determined without knowing the height of the cliff

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When a ball is thrown horizontally, its horizontal velocity remains constant throughout its motion. The horizontal distance traveled by the ball is determined by the horizontal velocity and the time taken to hit the ground. In this case, the horizontal distance is calculated as distance = velocity × time. Since the horizontal velocity is 10 m/s, the horizontal distance traveled by the ball is 10 m/s × time. The time taken to hit the ground is determined by the vertical motion, which is independent of the horizontal velocity. Therefore, without knowing the height of the cliff, we can still determine the horizontal distance traveled by the ball. The horizontal distance is solely dependent on the horizontal velocity and the time of flight, which are not influenced by the height of the cliff. Hence, the correct answer is 30 m. Choice A, 10 m, is incorrect as it does not consider the time of flight. Choice B, 20 m, is incorrect as it does not account for the constant horizontal velocity. Choice D, 'Cannot be determined without knowing the height of the cliff,' is incorrect because the horizontal distance can be calculated independently of the height of the cliff.

3. At the peak of a baseball's trajectory, which of the following forces is acting on the ball?

• A. Only gravitational force
• B. Only the force of air resistance
• C. Both gravitational force and the force of air resistance
• D. Neither gravitational force nor the force of air resistance

Correct answer: A

Rationale: At the peak of a baseball's trajectory, the ball momentarily stops moving upwards before it starts to fall back down. During this moment of temporary rest, the only force acting on the ball is the gravitational force pulling it downward towards the Earth. The force of air resistance is negligible at this point because the ball is momentarily stationary, and air resistance requires motion to be significant. Therefore, the correct answer is that only the gravitational force is acting on the ball at the peak of its trajectory. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because air resistance does not have a significant effect when the ball is at its peak and momentarily stationary.

4. Which type of cell division is responsible for growth and repair?

• A. Meiosis
• B. Mitosis
• C. Binary fission
• D. Osmosis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Mitosis is the correct type of cell division responsible for growth and repair. During mitosis, a cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells, contributing to growth and tissue repair in multicellular organisms. Meiosis, on the other hand, is involved in the formation of gametes (sperm and egg cells) for sexual reproduction. Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms, and osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to growth and repair in multicellular organisms.

5. Which type of joint allows for rotational movement around a single axis?

• A. Ball-and-socket joint
• B. Pivot joint
• C. Hinge joint
• D. Saddle joint

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is a Pivot joint. A pivot joint, like the joint in the neck, enables rotational movement around a single axis. This type of joint is crucial for allowing the head to turn from side to side. Choice A, Ball-and-socket joint, allows for movement in multiple axes due to its spherical structure, not limited to single-axis rotation. Choice C, Hinge joint, allows movement in one plane like a door hinge, but not rotational movement around a single axis. Choice D, Saddle joint, allows movement in multiple directions but is not specifically designed for rotational movement around a single axis.

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