Nursing Elites

1. In which of the following situations would it be best to use informal language?

• A. In a seminar
• B. Writing a postcard
• C. Talking to your boss
• D. Participating in a professional conference

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is writing a postcard (Choice B). A postcard is a casual form of communication, typically sent to friends or family, making it a suitable context for informal language. Using informal language in a seminar (Choice A) would be inappropriate as it is a formal setting where professional language is expected. Talking to your boss (Choice C) and participating in a professional conference (Choice D) also require formal language to maintain professionalism and respect for the workplace environment.

2. Which term refers to a position farther from the midline of the body? For example, the little toe is lateral to the big toe on the same foot.

• A. Lateral
• B. Medial
• C. Proximal
• D. Distal

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lateral. Lateral refers to a position farther away from the midline of the body. In the example provided, the little toe is indeed lateral to the big toe on the same foot. This is in contrast to 'medial,' which means closer to the midline. 'Proximal' refers to a position closer to the point of attachment or the trunk of the body, while 'distal' refers to a position farther from the point of attachment or the trunk of the body.

3. In which direction do the particles of the medium move in a transverse wave?

• A. Perpendicular to the direction of wave travel
• B. Parallel to the direction of wave travel
• C. In a circular motion
• D. Opposite to the direction of wave travel

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In a transverse wave, the particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction of wave travel. This means that the particles move up and down or side to side as the wave passes through the medium. This motion creates crests and troughs in the wave, leading to the characteristic oscillation observed in transverse waves. Choice B is incorrect because in transverse waves, the particle movement is not parallel to the direction of wave travel. Choice C is incorrect as the particles do not move in a circular motion in a transverse wave. Choice D is incorrect as the particles do not move opposite to the direction of wave travel; they move perpendicular to it.

4. What is the estimated total amount of money the roommates used to purchase the gift?

• A. $34
• B. $35
• C. $36
• D. $37

Correct answer: C

Rationale: To find the total amount spent by the roommates, you need to add up the individual amounts each roommate contributed. Anna contributed $18, Liz contributed $12, and Jane contributed $6. Adding these amounts together gives us $18 + $12 + $6 = $36. Therefore, the correct answer is $36. Option A ($34), Option B ($35), and Option D ($37) are incorrect as they do not match the correct calculation of the total amount spent by the roommates.

5. What is the term for a genetic disorder caused by a mutation on the X chromosome?

• A. Autosomal dominant disorder
• B. Autosomal recessive disorder
• C. Sex-linked recessive disorder
• D. Sex-linked dominant disorder

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A genetic disorder caused by a mutation on the X chromosome is termed a sex-linked recessive disorder (Option C). This type of disorder is more commonly seen in males due to their single X chromosome, making them more vulnerable to X-linked mutations. Females have two X chromosomes, providing a protective effect against X-linked disorders.\n- Autosomal dominant disorders (Option A) result from a mutation in one copy of a gene on non-sex chromosomes (autosomes) and are not specifically related to the X chromosome.\n- Autosomal recessive disorders (Option B) occur due to mutations in both copies of a gene on autosomes, not on the X chromosome.\n- Sex-linked dominant disorders (Option D) are rare and lead to more severe symptoms in males as they only require one copy of the mutated gene on the X chromosome to express the disorder. However, this is not the term for a genetic disorder caused by an X chromosome mutation.

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