Nursing Elites

1. How many chromosomes do sperm and egg produce in meiosis?

• A. 23
• B. 46
• C. 25
• D. 50

Correct answer: A

Rationale: During meiosis, sperm and egg cells produce half the number of chromosomes found in somatic cells. Each contributes 23 chromosomes, which combine to form a zygote with a total of 46 chromosomes. Choice B (46) is incorrect because this is the number of chromosomes produced in mitosis, not meiosis. Choices C (25) and D (50) are also incorrect as they do not align with the chromosome count in sex cells during meiosis.

2. Choose the meaning of the word 'persistent' in the following sentence: 'The elderly patient has been fighting a persistent cold.'

• A. Typical
• B. Harmless
• C. Without cure
• D. Lasting a long time

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In the sentence provided, the word 'persistent' is used to describe the cold, indicating that it has been lasting for a long time without going away easily. This choice emphasizes the prolonged nature of the cold. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because 'persistent' does not mean 'typical,' 'harmless,' or 'without cure' in this context. The key is to focus on the word's meaning in relation to the duration of the cold.

3. According to the zeroth law of thermodynamics, two systems are in thermal equilibrium if:

• A. They have the same pressure.
• B. They have the same volume.
• C. They have the same temperature.
• D. They are made of the same material.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "They have the same temperature." The zeroth law of thermodynamics states that if two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other. This implies that they have the same temperature. Choice A is incorrect because pressure is not the determining factor for thermal equilibrium. Choice B is incorrect because volume alone does not dictate thermal equilibrium. Choice D is incorrect as the materials the systems are made of do not determine thermal equilibrium according to the zeroth law of thermodynamics.

4. A train leaves the station at 1:45 PM traveling at a constant speed of 65 mph. If it arrives at its destination at 3:15 PM, how many miles did it travel?

• A. 97.5 miles
• B. 100 miles
• C. 95 miles
• D. 105 miles

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To calculate the distance traveled by the train, multiply the speed (65 mph) by the time it took to reach the destination, which is 1.5 hours (3:15 PM - 1:45 PM = 1.5 hours). Therefore, 65 mph × 1.5 hours = 97.5 miles. This calculation is correct because distance = speed × time. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the correct calculation based on the given information.

5. What does 'Ingest' mean?

• A. To chew
• B. To swallow for digestion
• C. To spit out
• D. To vomit

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To swallow for digestion.' Ingest means to take food, drink, or another substance into the body by swallowing it. Choice A, 'To chew,' is incorrect as chewing is the act of breaking down food with the teeth. Choice C, 'To spit out,' is incorrect as it is the opposite of ingesting, involving expelling something from the mouth. Choice D, 'To vomit,' is also incorrect as vomiting is forcibly expelling the contents of the stomach through the mouth, which is the opposite of ingesting.

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