Nursing Elites

1. How do a scalar quantity and a vector quantity differ?

• A. A scalar quantity has both magnitude and direction, and a vector does not.
• B. A scalar quantity has direction only, and a vector has only magnitude.
• C. A vector has both magnitude and direction, and a scalar quantity has only magnitude.
• D. A vector has only direction, and a scalar quantity has only magnitude.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The main difference between a scalar quantity and a vector quantity lies in the presence of direction. A vector quantity has both magnitude and direction, while a scalar quantity has magnitude only, without any specified direction. Examples of scalar quantities include distance, speed, temperature, and energy, whereas examples of vector quantities include displacement, velocity, force, and acceleration. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they incorrectly describe the characteristics of scalar and vector quantities.

2. A concave mirror with a focal length of 2 cm forms a real image of an object at an image distance of 6 cm. What is the object's distance from the mirror?

• A. 3 cm
• B. 6 cm
• C. 12 cm
• D. 30 cm

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The mirror formula, 1/f = 1/do + 1/di, can be used to solve for the object distance. Given that the focal length (f) is 2 cm and the image distance (di) is 6 cm, we can substitute these values into the formula to find the object distance. Plugging in f = 2 cm and di = 6 cm into the formula gives us 1/2 = 1/do + 1/6. Solving for do, we get do = 6 cm. Therefore, the object's distance from the mirror is 6 cm. Choice A (3 cm), Choice C (12 cm), and Choice D (30 cm) are incorrect distances as the correct object distance is determined to be 6 cm.

3. In a parallel circuit, the ___________ through each component is the same.

• A. current
• B. voltage
• C. resistance
• D. wattage

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In a parallel circuit, the current through each component is the same. This is because the components in a parallel circuit are connected across the same voltage source, so they all experience the same voltage across their terminals. The total current entering the parallel circuit is then split up among the various components, but the current through each component remains the same as the total current. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. In a parallel circuit, voltage across each component may vary, resistance may differ, and wattage is related to power, not the equality of current through each component.

4. An object with a mass of 45 kg has momentum equal to 180 kg⋅m/s. What is the object’s velocity?

• A. 4 m/s
• B. 8.1 km/s
• C. 17.4 km/h
• D. 135 m/s

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The momentum of an object is calculated by multiplying its mass and velocity. Mathematically, momentum = mass x velocity. Given that the mass is 45 kg and the momentum is 180 kgâ‹…m/s, we can rearrange the formula to solve for velocity: velocity = momentum / mass. Plugging in the values, velocity = 180 kgâ‹…m/s / 45 kg = 4 m/s. Therefore, the object's velocity is 4 m/s. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the correct calculation based on the given mass and momentum values.

5. Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction states that a changing magnetic field in a conductor induces a/an:

• A. Increase in resistance
• B. Electromotive force
• C. Static electric charge
• D. Decrease in capacitance

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction states that a changing magnetic field induces an electromotive force in a conductor. This electromotive force is responsible for generating electricity in power plants and various electrical devices. The induced current is a result of the changing magnetic field, not an increase in resistance (choice A), static electric charge (choice C), or a decrease in capacitance (choice D). Hence, the correct answer is B.

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