differentiate between genotype and phenotype in the context of gene expression

ATI TEAS 7

TEAS 7 science quizlet

1. Differentiate between genotype and phenotype in the context of gene expression.

A. Genotype refers to the physical manifestation of a trait, while phenotype represents its underlying genetic makeup.
B. Genotype encompasses the spectrum of possible traits encoded by an organism's genes, while phenotype signifies the specific trait observed.
C. Genotype denotes the presence of dominant alleles, while phenotype reflects the influence of recessive alleles.
D. There is no distinction; both terms are interchangeable.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: - Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, including all the genes and alleles it possesses. - Phenotype, on the other hand, refers to the observable physical characteristics or traits of an organism, which result from the interaction between its genotype and the environment. - While genotype represents the genetic potential or range of traits that an organism can express, phenotype reflects the actual expression of specific traits. - Therefore, option B correctly captures the distinction between genotype and phenotype in the context of gene expression.

2. An object is initially at rest. Which of the following will definitely NOT cause it to move?

A. A constant force acting on it
B. No force acting on it
C. A force that increases in magnitude over time
D. A force that decreases in magnitude over time

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because if an object is initially at rest and no force is acting on it, it will remain at rest due to Newton's First Law of Motion. This law states that an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by an external force. Choices A, C, and D all involve forces acting on the object, which would cause it to move according to Newton's laws of motion. Choice A, a constant force acting on the object, would cause it to move at a constant velocity. Choice C, a force that increases in magnitude over time, would accelerate the object. Choice D, a force that decreases in magnitude over time, would decelerate the object.

3. What is the functional group present in aldehydes?

A. Hydroxyl
B. Carbonyl
C. Ester
D. Amine

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Carbonyl. Aldehydes contain the functional group -CHO, which is a carbonyl group where a carbon atom is double-bonded to an oxygen atom and single-bonded to a hydrogen atom. This distinguishes aldehydes from other functional groups. Choice A, Hydroxyl (-OH), is not characteristic of aldehydes as it is found in alcohols. Choice C, Ester (-COOR), and choice D, Amine (-NH2), represent different functional groups not typically found in aldehydes. Therefore, the correct functional group present in aldehydes is the carbonyl group.

4. Which of the following correctly lists the four properties that all types of muscle tissue share?

A. Contractile, excitable, elastic, extensible
B. Contractile, voluntary, elastic, extensible
C. Contractile, excitable, voluntary, extensible
D. Contractile, excitable, elastic, voluntary

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'Contractile, excitable, elastic, extensible.' All types of muscle tissue share these four properties. Muscle tissue can contract, respond to stimuli, stretch and return to its original shape (elastic), and extend or stretch (extensible). Choice B is incorrect because not all muscle tissues are voluntary (some are involuntary). Choice C is incorrect because not all muscle tissues are voluntary. Choice D is incorrect because not all muscle tissues are voluntary and lack the elastic property.

5. What are the four chambers of the heart?

A. Right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle
B. Right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left atrium
C. Left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, right atrium
D. Left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle. The heart consists of four chambers: the right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle. Blood flows from the body into the right atrium, then to the right ventricle, where it is pumped to the lungs for oxygenation. Oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium, passes to the left ventricle, and is then pumped out to the body. Choice B is incorrect because it incorrectly lists the left atrium twice. Choice C is incorrect as it rearranges the order of the chambers. Choice D is incorrect as it mistakenly switches the atria and ventricles in their positions.