abduction is defined as which of the following

ATI TEAS 7

Practice Science TEAS Test

1. Abduction is defined as which of the following?

A. Movement away from the midline of the body
B. Movement that results in a decrease in the angle of a joint
C. Movement that results in an increase in the angle of a joint
D. Movement towards the midline of the body

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Abduction is defined as movement away from the midline of the body. This movement occurs in the coronal plane and is essential in various body functions such as raising the arms sideways. Choices B, C, and D describe movements that are different from abduction. Choice B refers to flexion, which decreases the angle of a joint. Choice C describes extension, which increases the angle of a joint. Choice D defines adduction, which involves movement towards the midline of the body. Therefore, the correct answer is choice A.

2. What does the term 'dilution' refer to in a solution?

A. Adding more solvent to decrease concentration
B. Adding more solute to increase concentration
C. Reducing the temperature to increase solubility
D. Increasing pressure to increase solubility

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The term 'dilution' in a solution refers to adding more solvent to decrease the concentration of the solution. Dilution involves reducing the concentration of the solute in the solution by increasing the amount of solvent. Choice B is incorrect because adding more solute would increase the concentration, not decrease it. Choices C and D are also incorrect as they relate to factors affecting solubility, not dilution specifically. Therefore, choice A is the correct answer as it accurately defines the process of dilution in a solution.

3. Define 'friction' in terms of opposing motion.

A. A force that increases motion
B. A force that accelerates motion
C. A force that opposes motion
D. A force that creates motion

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Friction is a force that opposes motion. When two surfaces are in contact, friction acts in the opposite direction to the motion or the potential motion between the two surfaces. It resists the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding against each other. Friction hinders or prevents motion rather than promoting it. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they suggest that friction increases, accelerates, or creates motion, which is inaccurate. The correct definition of friction is that it opposes motion, making choice C the most appropriate option.

4. Neurons, the functional units of the nervous system, belong to which tissue type?

A. Epithelial tissue
B. Connective tissue
C. Muscle tissue
D. Nervous tissue

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Neurons are the functional units of the nervous system and are specialized cells that transmit nerve impulses. They belong to nervous tissue, which is the primary tissue type of the nervous system. Nervous tissue is composed of neurons and supporting cells called neuroglia. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because epithelial tissue functions mainly in covering and lining body surfaces, connective tissue provides support and structure, and muscle tissue is responsible for movement. Neurons, being the basic functional units of the nervous system, are specifically classified under nervous tissue.

5. What are the three layers of the heart?

A. Endocardium, myocardium, epicardium
B. Pericardium, endocardium, myocardium
C. Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
D. Pericardium, myocardium, endocardium

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium. The heart wall consists of three layers: the outer layer is the epicardium, the middle muscular layer is the myocardium, and the inner layer is the endocardium. Understanding the layers of the heart is essential for comprehending its structure and function. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not present the layers of the heart in the correct order. The pericardium is the outermost layer that surrounds the heart, but it is not part of the heart wall itself. Therefore, choices B and D are incorrect. Choice A is incorrect as it presents the layers in the wrong order, starting with the endocardium instead of the epicardium, which is the outermost layer.