Nursing Elites

1. A gumball machine contains red, orange, yellow, green, and blue gumballs. Twenty percent of the gumballs are red, 30% are orange, 5% are yellow, 10% are green, and the rest are blue. If there are a total of 120 gumballs, how many more blue gumballs are there than yellow gumballs?

• A. 48
• B. 30
• C. 42
• D. 36

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The percentage of blue gumballs is 35% (100% - 20% - 30% - 5% - 10% = 35%). If there are 120 gumballs, 35% of that is 42 blue gumballs. Since 5% are yellow gumballs, which is 6 gumballs, the difference between 42 blue gumballs and 6 yellow gumballs is 36 more blue gumballs. Therefore, the correct answer is 36. Choice A (48) is incorrect as it miscalculates the difference. Choice B (30) is incorrect as it does not consider the correct percentage of blue gumballs. Choice C (42) is incorrect as it miscalculates the difference between blue and yellow gumballs.

2. A scientist is trying to determine how much poison will kill a rat the fastest. Which of the following statements is an example of an appropriate hypothesis?

• A. Rats that are given lots of poison seem to die quickly.
• B. Does the amount of poison affect how quickly the rat dies?
• C. The more poison a rat is given, the quicker it will die.
• D. Poison is fatal to rats.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A valid hypothesis must be a testable statement that predicts a relationship between variables. Option C is the only statement that presents a clear cause-and-effect relationship between the amount of poison given and the time it takes for the rat to die. Option A is descriptive without predicting an outcome, option B is a question rather than a statement, and option D is a general fact about poison and rats, lacking a specific hypothesis for testing.

3. Which of the following is NOT a way to write 40 percent of N?

• A. 0.4N
• B. N/40
• C. 2/5 N
• D. 40N/100

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: N/40. To find 40% of N, you multiply N by 0.4, so 0.4N is the correct representation. Choice B, N/40, is incorrect because dividing N by 40 does not give you 40% of N. Choice C, 2/5 N, is equivalent to 40% of N since 2/5 is the same as 40% when simplified. Choice D, 40N/100, is also correct since 40% can be represented as 40/100, which simplifies to 0.4, making 40N/100 another valid way to write 40% of N.

4. University X requires some of its nursing students to take an exam before being admitted into the nursing program. In this year's class, half of the nursing students were required to take the exam, and three-fifths of those who took the exam passed. If this year's class has 200 students, how many students passed the exam?

• A. 120
• B. 100
• C. 60
• D. 50

Correct answer: C

Rationale: If the incoming class has 200 students, then half of those students were required to take the exam. (200)(1/2) = 100. So 100 students took the exam, but only three-fifths of that 100 passed the exam. (100)(3/5) = 60. Therefore, 60 students passed the exam. The correct answer is 60. Choice A is incorrect as it miscalculates the number of students who passed the exam. Choice B is incorrect as it does not consider the passing rate of the exam. Choice D is incorrect as it is much lower than the correct answer.

5. A study divides patients into 3 groups with fractions: 1/2, 1/3, and 1/6. Which group has the largest number of patients?

• A. Alpha
• B. Beta
• C. Gamma
• D. Delta

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Group Alpha has the largest number of patients because it represents 1/2 of the total population, which is the highest fraction among the groups. Group Beta represents 1/3 of the population, and Group Gamma represents 1/6 of the population, making them smaller fractions in comparison. Group Delta is not mentioned in the question and is therefore unrelated to the comparison of the groups.

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