Nursing Elites

1. Why is it important for cells to undergo mitosis?

• A. mitosis allows for reproduction with male and female gametes
• B. mitosis increases variation within the species
• C. mitosis produces cells that are different from the parent cell
• D. mitosis produces cells for growth and repair of body tissue

Correct answer: D

Rationale: It is important for cells to undergo mitosis because it produces cells for the growth and repair of body tissues. Mitosis allows for the formation of genetically identical daughter cells, ensuring proper function and maintenance of the organism's body. By producing new cells, mitosis helps in the replenishment of damaged or worn-out tissue and supports overall growth and development. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because mitosis is not directly related to reproduction with male and female gametes, increasing variation within the species, or producing cells different from the parent cell. These functions are more associated with meiosis, which is specifically for sexual reproduction and genetic diversity.

2. Why is homeostasis necessary?

• A. It maintains temperature
• B. It maintains pH
• C. It maintains glucose levels
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Homeostasis is necessary because it ensures the maintenance of a stable, relatively constant internal environment. This includes regulating various factors such as temperature, pH levels, and glucose levels to support optimal bodily functions and overall health. Choices A, B, and C are all correct as they represent key aspects of homeostasis that contribute to maintaining the body's internal balance.

3. Within the biological hierarchical system of organization, which of the following is least inclusive?

• A. phylum
• B. order
• C. kingdom
• D. species

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'D: species.' In the biological hierarchical system of organization, a species is the least inclusive level. A species consists of organisms that share similar characteristics and can interbreed to produce fertile offspring. On the other hand, a phylum, order, and kingdom are more inclusive classifications that encompass multiple species. Phylum groups together related classes, order groups together related families, and kingdom groups together related phyla. Therefore, species is the least inclusive category within the biological hierarchical system.

4. What is the binding membrane of an animal cell called?

• A. Biological membrane
• B. Cell coat
• C. Unit membrane
• D. Plasma membrane

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Plasma membrane. The plasma membrane surrounds the cell and acts as an interface between the living interior of the cell and the nonliving exterior. It plays a vital role in maintaining the cell's integrity, regulating the passage of substances in and out of the cell, and facilitating communication with other cells. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the term 'plasma membrane' specifically refers to the binding membrane of an animal cell, distinguishing it from other types of membranes or coatings found in cells.

5. In an example of a male with hemophilia and a female carrier, what ratio of the offspring is predicted to have the disease?

• A. 0 female : 2 males
• B. 1 female : 0 males
• C. 1 female : 2 males
• D. 2 females : 1 male

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the male offspring will inherit the hemophilia trait from their mother due to the sex-linked inheritance pattern. The female offspring will inherit one X chromosome from their mother, becoming carriers of hemophilia. Therefore, the predicted ratio of offspring with the disease would be 1 female as a carrier and 2 males with hemophilia. Choice A is incorrect because there would be male offspring with the disease. Choice B is incorrect as there would be male offspring with hemophilia. Choice D is incorrect as it does not reflect the inheritance pattern of hemophilia.

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