Nursing Elites

1. Which word names an infected swelling with liquid inside?

• A. Blast
• B. Gash
• C. Hive
• D. Boil

Correct answer: D

Rationale: A boil is an infected swelling on the skin filled with pus, which is a type of liquid. It is typically caused by a bacterial infection in a hair follicle or oil gland. The other options, blast, gash, and hive, do not specifically describe an infected swelling with liquid inside like a boil does. A 'blast' is a sudden strong movement or gust, 'gash' refers to a long, deep cut or wound, and 'hive' is a skin reaction characterized by itchy welts.

2. What is the primary function of the liver?

• A. Detoxifying harmful substances
• B. Producing bile
• C. Producing insulin
• D. Storing glycogen

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The primary function of the liver is to detoxify harmful substances in the blood. While the liver also produces bile, which aids in digestion, stores glycogen for energy storage, and participates in metabolism, its main and essential function is detoxification. Producing insulin is mainly attributed to the pancreas, not the liver.

3. If a wave has a frequency of 60 hertz, which of the following is true?

• A. It completes one cycle per minute.
• B. It measures 60 m from crest to crest.
• C. It completes 60 cycles per second.
• D. It measures 60 m from crest to trough.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The frequency of a wave is the number of cycles it completes in one second. A wave with a frequency of 60 hertz completes 60 cycles per second. Therefore, choice C is correct. Choice A is incorrect because a frequency of 60 hertz means 60 cycles per second, not per minute. Choice B is incorrect as the frequency of the wave does not determine the distance from crest to crest. Choice D is also incorrect as the frequency does not relate to the distance from crest to trough.

4. Huntington’s disease is carried on the dominant allele. In a situation where two heterozygous parents have the disease, what percentage of their offspring are predicted to be disease-free?

• A. 0%
• B. 25%
• C. 50%
• D. 100%

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, both parents are heterozygous for Huntington's disease, meaning each carries one dominant allele (representing the disease) and one recessive allele (representing no disease). When they have offspring, there is a 25% chance that each child will inherit two recessive alleles, making them disease-free. The Punnett square for two heterozygous parents (Hh x Hh) yields a 25% probability of offspring being homozygous recessive (hh) and therefore disease-free. Choice A (0%) is incorrect because there is a possibility of disease-free offspring. Choice C (50%) is incorrect as it represents the likelihood of being a carrier. Choice D (100%) is incorrect as all offspring will not be disease-free in this scenario.

5. Select the word that makes this sentence grammatically correct. The board of education ___________ to hold a special meeting.

• A. plan
• B. plans
• C. planning
• D. do plan

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In this sentence, the subject 'board of education' is singular, so the verb should also be singular to match. 'Plans' is the correct form of the verb to use with a singular subject. The correct sentence should be: 'The board of education plans to hold a special meeting.' Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not agree in number with the singular subject 'board of education.' 'Plan' is plural, 'planning' is a gerund form, and 'do plan' is not the correct verb form for the subject-verb agreement in this sentence.

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