Nursing Elites

1. Which statement from the selection presents a fact rather than an opinion?

• A. One of the worst voice qualities is harshness
• B. Harsh voice qualities usually come from too much tension in the throat and jaw
• C. Your voice will sound unpleasant if it is shrill, grating, hard, piercing, brassy, too loud, or too nasal
• D. Because tension occurs in higher pitched voices, women tend to have shriller voices than men, which usually makes them less desirable public speakers, newscasters, or political candidates

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Statement B, 'Harsh voice qualities usually come from too much tension in the throat and jaw,' presents a fact rather than an opinion. This statement provides a clear and objective observation about the potential cause of harsh voice qualities, based on physical tension in specific areas of the body, which can be objectively measured and identified. Choice A is an opinion as it states 'One of the worst voice qualities is harshness' without providing a verifiable basis. Choice C lists subjective descriptors of an unpleasant voice without stating a definite cause. Choice D introduces a gender-based assertion about voice quality, making it an opinion rather than a factual observation.

2. Which statement could be inferred by the reader from the last paragraph of the passage?

• A. Procedures that Lifewings Partners recommends are always effective.
• B. Medical mistakes can happen at even the best hospitals.
• C. City hospitals know more than others about cutting-edge medicine.
• D. Medical mistakes will one day be completely eradicated.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The inference that medical mistakes can happen even at reputable hospitals is suggested by the warning from Steve Harden about the risks involved. The passage acknowledges that even well-regarded facilities are not immune to errors, thereby supporting option B as a logical conclusion drawn from the text.

3. Which statement would not be inferred by the reader?

• A. Some forms of phototherapy have been around for decades.
• B. New applications of phototherapy continue to be developed.
• C. Phototherapy is most often used to treat skin problems.
• D. Ultraviolet rays can cause damage to eyes and skin.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. While the passage extensively discusses the benefits and applications of phototherapy, it does not mention that ultraviolet rays can cause damage to eyes and skin. This statement goes beyond the information provided in the passage and cannot be inferred. A. The passage mentions that phototherapy has been around for more than a century, supporting the statement that some forms of phototherapy have been around for decades. B. The passage discusses how new applications of phototherapy, like the phototherapy blanket, are being developed, making this statement valid as it aligns with the information provided. C. Phototherapy being most often used to treat skin problems is supported by the passage, which mentions its applications in treating acne, psoriasis, and eczema. Therefore, this statement can be inferred from the passage.

4. What is the overall tone of the essay?

• A. Informative
• B. Insensitive
• C. Grim
• D. Uplifting

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The passage discusses the challenges and symptoms associated with sickle-cell anemia, portraying a somber and serious tone. The descriptions of persistent pain, difficulties, and the impact on individuals' lives make the overall tone fairly grim. The essay focuses on the hardships faced by individuals with sickle-cell anemia, highlighting the severity of the disease. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the tone of the essay is not informal, insensitive, or uplifting. It is important to consider the language used, the subject matter, and the overall emotional impact of the text to determine the tone accurately.

5. What is implied by this paragraph?

• A. Overeating and alcohol abuse can lead to serious health issues.
• B. We should implement stricter laws to prevent alcohol abuse.
• C. Emotional eating is a major health concern.
• D. Consuming food and drinks in moderation is crucial.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The paragraph implies that overeating and alcohol abuse can lead to serious physical and mental health problems. It highlights the strain on the heart, risk of diabetes, and shortened lifespan due to overeating. It also mentions the negative consequences of alcohol abuse, such as alcoholism, drunk driving leading to accidents, and spousal/child abuse. While emotional eating is mentioned, the main focus is on the health risks of overeating and alcohol abuse. Therefore, choice A is the correct answer as it captures the essence of the paragraph's message.

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