Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following battles occurred first?

• A. Cold Harbor
• B. Chancellorsville
• C. Atlanta
• D. Shiloh

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Shiloh occurred earlier than the other battles listed. Shiloh took place in April 1862 during the American Civil War, making it the earliest battle among the options provided. Cold Harbor occurred in June 1864, Chancellorsville in May 1863, and Atlanta in July-September 1864. Therefore, Shiloh is the correct answer. Choice A (Cold Harbor) is incorrect because it happened after Shiloh. Choice B (Chancellorsville) is incorrect because it occurred after Shiloh. Choice C (Atlanta) is also incorrect as it took place after Shiloh.

2. Which aspect of writing engages and connects with the audience, igniting emotion?

• A. Ethos
• B. Logos
• C. Pathos
• D. Kairos

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Pathos.' Pathos refers to the emotional appeal in writing that aims to engage and connect with the audience's emotions. In the provided extract, Charles Dickens appeals to the emotions of the working men and their families, expressing his earnest hope for their involvement in the Mechanic's Institution. Ethos (choice A) relates to ethical appeal, establishing credibility. Logos (choice B) refers to logical appeal, using reason and evidence. Kairos (choice D) pertains to the timeliness or relevance of an argument, considering the opportune moment for persuasion. In this context, Dickens employs pathos to emotionally connect with the audience and convey his message effectively.

3. Which of the following can be logically inferred from the passage?

• A. The Vikings disliked exploring the New World.
• B. Leif Erikson's banishment led to his exploration of Canada.
• C. Leif Erikson never shared his stories with the King of Norway.
• D. Historians have difficulty pinpointing events in Viking history.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. It can be inferred from the passage that historians have difficulty definitively pinpointing Viking historical events. The passage highlights the uncertainty around Leif Erikson's birth year, conflicting accounts of interactions with natives, and the lack of clarity regarding specific events in Viking history. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. There is no indication in the passage that the Vikings disliked exploring the New World; Leif Erikson's banishment did not directly lead to his exploration of Canada but rather his desire to spread Christianity and find new lands; and there is no mention of Leif Erikson not sharing his stories with the King of Norway.

4. When students study character development, setting, and plot, what are they studying?

• A. Word analysis
• B. Points of view
• C. Literary analysis of fictional texts
• D. Fluency

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When students study character development, setting, and plot, they are engaging in the analysis of fictional texts. These elements are central to understanding the narrative and how various literary devices are used to convey meaning. Word analysis (choice A) focuses on the study of individual words, which is different from analyzing the broader aspects of a text like character development, setting, and plot. Points of view (choice B) refer to the perspective from which a story is told, which is not the same as studying character development, setting, and plot. Fluency (choice D) pertains to the ability to read with speed, accuracy, and expression, and is not directly related to the analysis of fictional texts.

5. Which of the following is a primary source?

• A. A critic's summary of a book on Abraham Lincoln.
• B. A peer-reviewed scientific journal's table of contents.
• C. A gene splicing study report with data.
• D. A news article quoting research into curing cancer.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. A gene splicing study report with data is a primary source because it provides original research findings. In contrast, choice A is a secondary source as it involves a critic's interpretation of a book. Choice B, the table of contents of a peer-reviewed scientific journal, is not a primary source but a tertiary source, providing a summary of articles. Choice D, a news article quoting research, is a secondary source that presents information based on primary sources rather than the original research itself.

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