which of these organs is not involved in the production of digestive enzymes

ATI TEAS 7

TEAS 7 science practice

1. Which of these organs is NOT involved in the production of digestive enzymes?

A. Mouth
B. Stomach
C. Pancreas
D. Small intestine

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A) Mouth: The mouth is involved in the mechanical breakdown of food through chewing and the initiation of carbohydrate digestion by the enzyme amylase in saliva, but it does not produce digestive enzymes. The salivary amylase in the mouth helps in breaking down carbohydrates. However, it is not an organ that produces digestive enzymes. B) Stomach: The stomach produces gastric juices containing enzymes like pepsin that help break down proteins. C) Pancreas: The pancreas produces various digestive enzymes such as amylase, lipase, and proteases that aid in the digestion of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. D) Small intestine: The small intestine produces enzymes such as peptidases, sucrase, lactase, and maltase that further break down proteins, carbohydrates, and fats for absorption. Therefore, the mouth is the organ that is NOT involved in the production of digestive enzymes.

2. How much sugar is in a 1 M solution of sugar water?

A. 1 L of water
B. 100 mL of solution
C. Every 100 g of water
D. It depends on the type of sugar

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A 1 M solution of sugar water contains 1 mole of sugar in 1 liter of solution. Since 1 M (molar) solution means there is 1 mole of solute (sugar) dissolved in 1 liter of solvent (water), the correct answer is 100 mL of solution. Choice A, '1 L of water,' is incorrect because it does not specify the total volume of the solution. Choice C, 'Every 100 g of water,' is incorrect as it focuses on the weight of water, not the volume of the solution. Choice D, 'It depends on the type of sugar,' is incorrect since the concentration of a 1 M solution is standardized and does not vary based on the type of sugar used.

3. What is hydroxyapatite?

A. A mixture of minerals such as calcium and phosphorus that strengthen the collagen matrix of bone.
B. The structural unit of a bone that runs the length of the bone.
C. The covering of bones at the point of articulation to prevent grinding.
D. The lightest portion of a long bone and concentrated at the ends.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hydroxyapatite is a mineral compound composed of calcium and phosphorus that plays a crucial role in strengthening the collagen matrix of bones, contributing to their structural integrity and hardness. It is a key component of bone tissue and provides the mineralization necessary for bone strength and density. Choice B is incorrect because the structural unit of a bone is the osteon or Haversian system, not hydroxyapatite. Choice C is incorrect as it describes cartilage, not hydroxyapatite. Choice D is incorrect as it refers to the epiphysis, which is not synonymous with hydroxyapatite.

4. During antibiotic use, bacteria can evolve resistance. This is an example of:

A. Coevolution (two species influencing each other's evolution)
B. Convergent evolution (unrelated organisms evolving similar traits)
C. Macroevolution (large-scale evolutionary change)
D. Artificial selection acting on a natural process

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The process of bacteria evolving resistance to antibiotics due to the selective pressure exerted by the antibiotics is an example of artificial selection (human intervention selecting for certain traits) acting on a natural process (bacterial evolution). Antibiotic use creates a selective pressure that favors the survival and reproduction of bacteria with resistance traits, leading to the evolution of antibiotic-resistant strains. - Coevolution (option A) refers to the influence of two species on each other's evolution, which is not the case in the scenario described in the question. - Convergent evolution (option B) involves unrelated organisms evolving similar traits due to similar environmental pressures, which is not directly applicable to the situation of bacteria evolving resistance to antibiotics. - Macroevolution (option C) refers to large-scale evolutionary changes over long periods, which is not specifically demonstrated in the context of bacteria evolving resistance during antibiotic use.

5. What phenomenon occurs when two identical waves are perfectly aligned and reinforce each other?

A. Refraction
B. Reflection
C. Diffraction
D. Constructive interference

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Constructive interference occurs when two identical waves are perfectly aligned and reinforce each other. This results in an increase in the overall amplitude of the wave. Refraction refers to the bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another, reflection is the bouncing back of waves when they encounter a boundary, and diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles and openings. In this scenario, the waves are not changing direction or bending but rather combining to produce a wave with a larger amplitude, which is characteristic of constructive interference.