Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following statements is true regarding a supersaturated solution?

• A. It is unstable and tends to crystallize
• B. It contains more solute than it could dissolve
• C. It has a higher concentration than a saturated solution
• D. It is rarely encountered in everyday solutions

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A supersaturated solution is unstable and tends to crystallize because it contains more solute than it could dissolve at a given temperature. This excess solute is in a metastable state and can precipitate out if disturbed, leading to the formation of crystals. Option B is incorrect because a supersaturated solution does contain more solute than it could normally dissolve, but it becomes unstable due to this excess solute. Option C is incorrect because while a supersaturated solution does have a higher concentration than a saturated solution, the defining characteristic related to its instability is the excess solute. Option D is incorrect as supersaturated solutions can be encountered in various everyday scenarios, such as certain sugar solutions used in cooking or rock candy production.

2. What is a lysosome?

• A. A sac-like structure that contains enzymes that break down cellular components
• B. A network of tubules that transport proteins and lipids throughout the cell
• C. The site of protein synthesis
• D. The site of cellular respiration

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A lysosome is a membrane-bound organelle found in animal cells that contains digestive enzymes. These enzymes are responsible for breaking down various cellular components, such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and even foreign particles like bacteria. This breakdown process is crucial for maintaining cell health and function by recycling and disposing of cellular waste. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because lysosomes are not involved in transporting proteins and lipids throughout the cell (option B), protein synthesis (option C), or cellular respiration (option D). Lysosomes primarily function as the cell's 'recycling center' by breaking down and processing cellular materials.

3. Which plane divides the body into left and right halves?

• A. Sagittal/Median Plane
• B. Frontal/Coronal Plane
• C. Transverse/Cross-Section Plane
• D. Horizontal Plane

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Sagittal/Median Plane. This plane divides the body into left and right halves. The Frontal/Coronal Plane (choice B) divides the body into front and back, while the Transverse/Cross-Section Plane (choice C) divides it into top and bottom. The Horizontal Plane (choice D) divides the body into upper and lower portions. Understanding these planes is essential in anatomy as they help describe the orientation and relationships of body structures.

4. What happens to the density of a gas when its temperature increases at constant pressure?

• A. It increases.
• B. It decreases.
• C. It remains the same.
• D. Information is insufficient.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When the temperature of a gas increases at constant pressure, the average kinetic energy of the gas molecules increases. This leads to the gas molecules moving faster and spreading out more, which causes them to occupy a larger volume. As a result, the density of the gas decreases because the same number of gas molecules are now distributed over a larger space. Choice A is incorrect because as the gas molecules spread out, the density decreases. Choice C is incorrect because the increase in temperature leads to a decrease in density due to the increased volume occupied by the gas molecules. Choice D is incorrect because with the provided scenario of temperature increase at constant pressure, the effect on density can be determined.

5. The chemical equation below is unbalanced. When it is properly balanced, how many molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) are produced for each molecule of propane (C3H8) in the reaction? 3C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O

• A. One Half.
• B. Two.
• C. Three.
• D. Five.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The balanced chemical equation for the combustion of propane is: 3C3H8 + 5O2 → 3CO2 + 4H2O. This equation shows that for every 3 molecules of propane (C3H8) consumed, 3 molecules of carbon dioxide (CO2) are produced. Therefore, when properly balanced, 3CO2 are produced for each molecule of propane used. Thus, the correct answer is B: Two. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not reflect the correct stoichiometry as determined by the balanced equation.

Similar Questions