Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is NOT a symptom of asthma, a chronic respiratory condition?

• A. Wheezing
• B. Difficulty breathing
• C. Chest tightness
• D. Fever

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Fever.' Fever is not a symptom commonly associated with asthma. Asthma symptoms typically include wheezing, difficulty breathing, and chest tightness due to inflammation and narrowing of the airways. Fever is more commonly seen in conditions such as infections or inflammatory diseases rather than asthma. Choices A, B, and C are common symptoms of asthma and are related to the constriction and inflammation of the airways, leading to breathing difficulties and chest discomfort.

2. What is the scientific term for the study of genes and their role in disease?

• A. Molecular biology
• B. Biochemistry
• C. Evolutionary biology
• D. Genomic medicine

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Genomic medicine is the scientific discipline that specifically focuses on the study of genes and their involvement in disease processes. It seeks to understand how variations in an individual's genes can influence their predisposition to certain diseases or affect their response to treatment. This field plays a crucial role in personalized medicine by utilizing genetic information to tailor healthcare decisions and interventions to individual patients. Molecular biology, biochemistry, and evolutionary biology, while related to genetics in various ways, do not have the primary focus on the role of genes in disease as genomic medicine does.

3. What is the relationship between mass and weight on Earth's surface?

• A. Mass and weight are equal
• B. Mass is greater than weight
• C. Weight is greater than mass
• D. Mass and weight are not related

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Weight is greater than mass. Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object, while weight is the force of gravity acting on that object. On Earth's surface, weight is greater than mass because gravity pulls objects towards the center of the Earth, resulting in a force that we perceive as weight. Choice A is incorrect because mass and weight are not equal; weight is a force, while mass is a measure of the amount of matter. Choice B is incorrect because mass is not greater than weight; weight is the force exerted due to gravity. Choice D is incorrect as mass and weight are related; weight is dependent on mass and the gravitational force acting on the object.

4. What is the outermost layer of the dermis, rich in collagen and elastin fibers that provide elasticity to the skin?

• A. Papillary layer
• B. Reticular layer
• C. Stratum basale
• D. Stratum corneum

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is the reticular layer. This layer is the outermost layer of the dermis that contains abundant collagen and elastin fibers, providing elasticity to the skin. The papillary layer is located beneath the epidermis and is responsible for supplying nutrients to the epidermis, not the outermost layer. The stratum basale is the deepest layer of the epidermis where new skin cells are produced, not part of the dermis. The stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis composed of dead skin cells, not a layer of the dermis.

5. What is the function of the pituitary gland?

• A. Produces hormones that regulate growth and metabolism
• B. Filters blood and removes waste products
• C. Stores and releases bile
• D. Produces red blood cells

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Produces hormones that regulate growth and metabolism. The pituitary gland is often referred to as the 'master gland' because it produces and releases hormones that regulate various bodily functions, including growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response. It does not filter blood or remove waste products (option B), store and release bile (option C), or produce red blood cells (option D). The pituitary gland's primary role is in hormone production and regulation, influencing many essential functions in the body.

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