Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a structure found in the upper respiratory tract?

• A. Pharynx
• B. Larynx
• C. Trachea
• D. Esophagus

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The pharynx is a structure found in the upper respiratory tract. It serves as a common pathway for both air and food, playing a crucial role in directing air to the trachea and food to the esophagus. The larynx, trachea, and esophagus are important structures in the respiratory and digestive systems, but the pharynx specifically belongs to the upper respiratory tract, making it the correct answer.

2. Which hormone is produced by the adrenal cortex?

• A. Insulin
• B. Cortisol
• C. Thyroxine
• D. Glucagon

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Cortisol. Cortisol is the hormone produced by the adrenal cortex. It plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, immune response, and managing stress. Insulin is produced by the pancreas, thyroxine by the thyroid gland, and glucagon by the pancreas. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are not hormones produced by the adrenal cortex.

3. Which vitamin is important for the absorption of iron?

• A. Vitamin C
• B. Vitamin D
• C. Vitamin K
• D. Vitamin B12

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin C. Vitamin C is essential for the absorption of iron, especially from plant-based sources. It aids in converting non-heme iron (found in plants) into a form that is easier for the body to absorb. This is crucial in preventing iron-deficiency anemia, making Vitamin C a key nutrient for overall health. Vitamin D (choice B) is important for calcium absorption and bone health, not iron absorption. Vitamin K (choice C) plays a role in blood clotting and bone metabolism, not iron absorption. Vitamin B12 (choice D) is important for red blood cell formation and neurological function but is not directly involved in iron absorption.

4. What is the function of the pituitary gland?

• A. Regulating metabolism
• B. Producing bile
• C. Filtering blood
• D. Controlling muscle movement

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The pituitary gland, known as the 'master gland,' plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes by secreting hormones that control other endocrine glands. This includes the regulation of metabolism, growth, reproduction, stress response, and more. Therefore, the correct function of the pituitary gland is regulating metabolism, making choice A the correct answer. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as the pituitary gland is not involved in producing bile, filtering blood, or controlling muscle movement.

5. Which vitamin is essential for maintaining healthy skin and vision?

• A. Vitamin C
• B. Vitamin A
• C. Vitamin D
• D. Vitamin K

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vitamin A is the correct answer. It is essential for maintaining healthy skin and vision, especially in low-light conditions. Vitamin A helps in the production of retinal pigments necessary for vision in dim light and supports skin health by promoting cell turnover and repair. Choice A, Vitamin C, is important for the immune system and collagen production but is not specifically known for maintaining skin and vision health. Choice C, Vitamin D, is crucial for bone health and immune function but is not directly related to skin and vision health. Choice D, Vitamin K, is necessary for blood clotting and bone health but does not play a significant role in maintaining healthy skin and vision.

Similar Questions