Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following, if true, would most seriously undermine the explanation proposed by the author in Passage I, third paragraph?

• A. An instance of lethal force in self-defense is not absolutely absolved from blame. The law takes into account the necessary use of force at the time it is committed.
• B. An individual who uses necessary defense under lethal force is in direct compliance with the law under most circumstances.
• C. Lethal force in self-defense should not be forgiven in all cases for the peace of mind of the primary victim.
• D. The use of lethal force is not evaluated based on the intent of the user, but rather the severity of the primary attack that warranted self-defense.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the author in Passage I discusses the concept of lethal force in self-defense being justified and absolved from blame when used as a last resort to prevent severe harm or death. Choice A undermines this by stating that an instance of lethal force in self-defense is not absolutely absolved from blame and highlights that the law considers the necessary use of force at the time it is committed. This challenges the absolute justification of such actions and would seriously undermine the author's argument. Choice B is incorrect because compliance with the law does not necessarily address the justification and absolution of lethal force. Choice C is incorrect as forgiving lethal force in all cases is not the focus of the author's argument. Choice D is incorrect because the intent of the user is a crucial factor in evaluating the use of lethal force, contrary to what is stated.

2. Jorgen learns that Eratosthenes was fascinated by the story of the Trojan War and attempted to determine the exact dates when this event occurred. Unfamiliar with the story of the fall of Troy, Jorgen decides to look into writings such as The Iliad and The Odyssey by Homer. To which section of the library should Jorgen go to locate these works?

• A. 100
• B. 200
• C. 700
• D. 800

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Section 800 features works of literature, making it the best place for Jorgen to find The Iliad and The Odyssey. While the philosophy and psychology section (100) might contain references to these works, Jorgen would still have to go to the literature section to obtain the works themselves, as they are literary works. Similarly, the religion section (200) and the arts and recreation section (700) are not where these specific literary works would be located.

3. How many people can participate in a volleyball game?

• A. 14
• B. 15
• C. half of a class
• D. an entire class

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Based on the extract provided, a volleyball game can involve an entire class participating. The passage mentions that with just one net and one ball, an entire class can play volleyball. While the number of participants in a volleyball game can vary, the specific reference to a whole class in the passage indicates that a significant number of people can take part. Therefore, the correct answer is 'an entire class.' Choice A, '14,' is incorrect because the passage explicitly mentions that an entire class can participate, which typically involves more than 14 individuals. Choice B, '15,' is incorrect as it does not account for the flexibility of the number of participants in a volleyball game as stated in the passage. Choice C, 'half of a class,' is incorrect as the passage clearly states that an entire class can participate, not just half.

4. Which aspect of writing engages and connects with the audience, igniting emotion?

• A. Ethos
• B. Logos
• C. Pathos
• D. Kairos

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, 'Pathos.' Pathos refers to the emotional appeal in writing that aims to engage and connect with the audience's emotions. In the provided extract, Charles Dickens appeals to the emotions of the working men and their families, expressing his earnest hope for their involvement in the Mechanic's Institution. Ethos (choice A) relates to ethical appeal, establishing credibility. Logos (choice B) refers to logical appeal, using reason and evidence. Kairos (choice D) pertains to the timeliness or relevance of an argument, considering the opportune moment for persuasion. In this context, Dickens employs pathos to emotionally connect with the audience and convey his message effectively.

5. Which of the following best describes the mode of the passage?

• A. expository
• B. narrative
• C. persuasive
• D. descriptive

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The passage is expository as it provides factual information about the sensory, motor, and perceptual development in babies during the first two years of life. It explains how babies' senses develop, focusing on hearing and vision in their early stages. The passage presents these developmental milestones in a straightforward and informative manner, making it expository. Choice B (narrative) is incorrect because the passage does not tell a story or present a sequence of events involving characters. Choice C (persuasive) is incorrect as there is no attempt to convince or persuade the reader of a particular viewpoint. Choice D (descriptive) is incorrect because the passage does not aim to create a vivid picture or impression using sensory details; instead, it focuses on providing clear information about sensory development in infants.

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