Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following examples from the paragraph about the Silk Road is a transition sentence?

• A. The Silk Road got its name from Chinese silk, which was a major item traded along the route.
• B. However, there were many other important trade items, some of which would end up changing the world forever.
• C. Because the Silk Road was not just one single road, historians also use the term 'Silk Routes' to describe the network.
• D. The Silk Road was an ancient network of trade routes that stretched from China through India all the way to Africa, Greece, Rome, and Great Britain.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Choice B is the correct answer because it serves as a transition sentence in the paragraph about the Silk Road. It shifts the focus from Chinese silk being a major trade item to the introduction of other important trade items that had a significant impact on the world. This transition indicates a change in the topic being discussed within the paragraph. Choices A, C, and D do not serve as transition sentences. Choice A simply introduces the origin of the Silk Road's name, choice C provides additional information about the network without transitioning to a new topic, and choice D gives a general description of the Silk Road without transitioning to a different aspect of the trade routes.

2. Which of the following is NOT a prewriting strategy?

• A. Brainstorming
• B. Visual mapping of ideas
• C. Asking questions
• D. Organizing writing into paragraphs

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Organizing writing into paragraphs is a component of drafting, which occurs after prewriting. Prewriting involves generating ideas, organizing thoughts, and outlining content before beginning the actual writing process. Choices A, B, and C are all prewriting strategies. Brainstorming helps in generating ideas, visual mapping assists in organizing thoughts spatially, and asking questions helps in exploring different angles of the topic before structuring the content. Therefore, organizing writing into paragraphs is the only option that does not directly relate to prewriting.

3. Which of the following sentences follows the rules of capitalization?

• A. As juveniles, African white-backed vultures are darkly colored, developing their white feathers only as they grow into adulthood.
• B. Ukrainians celebrate a holiday called Malanka during which men dress in costumes and masks and play tricks on their neighbors.
• C. Because of its distance from the sun, the planet Neptune has seasons that last the equivalent of forty-one Earth years.
• D. Edward Jenner, considered the Father of Immunology, invented the world’s first vaccine.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In sentence B, "Ukrainians" is capitalized because it is referring to a specific group of people, and "Malanka" is also capitalized as it is a holiday name. This follows the rules of capitalization for proper nouns. Choices A, C, and D contain correct capitalization, but they also include additional capitalizations that are unnecessary. For instance, in choice A, "African white-backed vultures" should not be capitalized unless it is part of a proper noun or a title. In choice C, while "Neptune" and "Earth" should be capitalized as they are names of celestial bodies, the word "sun" is not capitalized unless it is used as part of the proper noun "Sun." Choice D correctly capitalizes proper nouns like "Edward Jenner" and "Immunology," but the general terms like "Father" and "vaccine" do not need capitalization unless they are part of a title or a specific name.

4. Which of the answer choices is an effective revision of the ambiguous sentence below? Tanya told her sister to tell her boyfriend Joe to call her as soon as he got home.

• A. Tanya's sister said, 'Tell Joe to call me as soon as he gets home.'
• B. Her sister told her boyfriend Joe to call Tanya as soon as he got home.
• C. Tanya said to her sister, 'Tell your boyfriend Joe to call me as soon as he gets home.'
• D. Tanya told her sister, 'Joe should call me as soon as he gets home.'

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer, option C, effectively clarifies the communication structure by specifying who is communicating with whom and when. Tanya instructs her sister to convey a message to her boyfriend Joe, requesting him to call Tanya upon his arrival home. This revision removes the ambiguity present in the original sentence. Option A is incorrect as it introduces unnecessary complexity and alters the original meaning. Option B is incorrect as it misinterprets the relationships among the individuals involved. Option D is incorrect as it changes the dynamics of the communication and does not address the ambiguity in the original sentence.

5. Which of the following sentences correctly uses parallel structure?

• A. She likes hiking, swimming, and to run.
• B. She likes hiking, swimming, and running.
• C. She likes hiking, to swim, and running.
• D. She likes hiking, and she likes swimming and running.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. Parallel structure ensures that items in a series or list are in the same grammatical form. In choice A, 'to run' disrupts the parallel structure since 'hiking' and 'swimming' are gerunds. Choice C similarly breaks the parallelism by using 'to swim' in a different form. Choice D is incorrect because it lacks consistent parallelism, as 'hiking' is not followed by gerunds like 'swimming' and 'running.' Therefore, only choice B maintains proper parallel structure by using gerunds ('hiking,' 'swimming,' and 'running') consistently.

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