Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following elements is a halogen?

• A. Oxygen
• B. Fluorine
• C. Sodium
• D. Carbon

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Fluorine' (Choice B) as it is a halogen. Halogens are a group of elements that include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine. They are highly reactive nonmetals located in Group 17 of the periodic table. Oxygen (Choice A) is a nonmetal but not a halogen. Sodium (Choice C) is a metal, and Carbon (Choice D) is a nonmetal, neither of which belong to the halogen group.

2. What type of reactions take place in the nucleus to achieve stable nuclear configurations?

• A. Chemical
• B. Nuclear
• C. Physical
• D. Mechanical

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nuclear reactions occur within the nucleus to achieve stable nuclear configurations. These reactions involve changes in the composition of atomic nuclei, leading to the formation of more stable elements. Chemical reactions occur in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus, while physical and mechanical processes do not directly impact the stability of nuclear configurations. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Nuclear.'

3. What are the 3 types of radiation in nuclear chemistry?

• A. Alpha, Beta, Delta
• B. Alpha, Beta, Gamma
• C. Gamma, Beta, Delta
• D. Delta, Beta, Gamma

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alpha, Beta, Gamma. In nuclear chemistry, the 3 types of radiation are alpha, beta, and gamma radiation. Alpha radiation consists of helium nuclei, beta radiation involves electrons or positrons, and gamma radiation is electromagnetic radiation of high frequency. Choice A is incorrect because 'Delta' is not a type of radiation in nuclear chemistry. Choice C is incorrect as it does not list alpha radiation. Choice D is incorrect as it lists the types in the wrong order and includes 'Delta' instead of alpha radiation.

4. Which one does not name a polar molecule?

• A. NH₃
• B. H₂S
• C. SO₂
• D. CO₂

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is NH₃. The molecule NH₃ does not represent a polar molecule because nitrogen and hydrogen in this molecule have a small difference in electronegativity that does not result in a significant polar covalent bond. In contrast, molecules H₂S, SO₂, and CO₂ have polar covalent bonds due to larger electronegativity differences, making them polar molecules. Therefore, options B, C, and D are polar molecules, unlike option A.

5. Which state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container?

• A. Gas
• B. Liquid
• C. Solid
• D. Plasma

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The state of matter that has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container is a 'Liquid.' Liquids have a fixed volume but can change their shape to fit the container they are in. This property distinguishes liquids from solids, which have both a definite shape and volume, and gases, which do not have a fixed volume or shape. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Liquid.' Choice A, 'Gas,' is incorrect because gases do not have a definite volume or shape. Choice C, 'Solid,' is incorrect as solids have a definite shape and volume. Choice D, 'Plasma,' is incorrect because plasma is a state of matter where atoms have been ionized and do not have a fixed volume or shape.

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