Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following describes a vector quantity?

• A. 5 miles per hour due southwest
• B. 5 miles per hour
• C. 5 miles
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A vector quantity is characterized by both magnitude and direction. In the provided options, choice A, '5 miles per hour due southwest,' fits this definition as it includes both the magnitude (5 miles per hour) and the direction (southwest), making it a vector quantity. Choices B and C only provide the magnitude without indicating any direction, hence they do not represent vector quantities.

2. The specific heat capacity (c) of a material is the amount of heat transfer (Q) required to raise the temperature (ΔT) of a unit mass (m) of the material by one degree (typically Celsius). The relationship between these quantities is described by the equation:

• A. Q = cΔT
• B. Q = mcΔT
• C. Q = c / mΔT
• D. Q = ΔT / mc

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct equation relating heat transfer (Q), mass (m), specific heat capacity (c), and change in temperature (ΔT) is Q = mcΔT. This equation states that the heat transfer is equal to the product of the mass, specific heat capacity, and temperature change. Therefore, the correct answer is B, as it correctly represents this relationship. Choices C and D do not correctly represent the relationship between these quantities and are therefore incorrect.

3. A 780-watt refrigerator is powered by a 120-volt power source. What is the current being drawn?

• A. 660 amperes
• B. 150 amperes
• C. 6.5 amperes
• D. 0.15 amperes

Correct answer: C

Rationale: To calculate the current being drawn by the refrigerator, you can use the formula: Current (I) = Power (P) / Voltage (V). Given that the power of the refrigerator is 780 watts and the voltage is 120 volts, you can plug these values into the formula to find the current: I = 780 watts / 120 volts = 6.5 amperes. Therefore, the current being drawn by the 780-watt refrigerator is 6.5 amperes. Choice A, 660 amperes, is incorrect as it is significantly higher than the correct answer. Choice B, 150 amperes, is also incorrect and too high. Choice D, 0.15 amperes, is incorrect as it is too low. The correct answer is 6.5 amperes.

4. An object with a charge of 3 μC is placed 30 cm from another object with a charge of 2 μC. What is the magnitude of the resulting force between the objects?

• A. 0.6 N
• B. 0.18 N
• C. 180 N
• D. 9 × 10−12 N

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To find the magnitude of the resulting force between two charges, we use Coulomb's Law: F = k × (|q1 × q2|) / r² Where: F is the force k is Coulomb’s constant (8.99 × 10⁹ N·m²/C²) q1 and q2 are the charges r is the distance between the charges Plugging in the values: F = (8.99 × 10⁹) × (3 × 10⁻⁶) × (2 × 10⁻⁶) / (0.3)² = 0.18 N. Therefore, the magnitude of the resulting force is 0.18 N.

5. The buoyant force, F_b, experienced by an object submerged in a fluid is given by:

• A. F_b = W, the object's weight
• B. F_b = W_d, the weight of the fluid displaced by the object
• C. F_b = ρ, the density of the fluid
• D. F_b = V, the object's volume

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct formula for the buoyant force experienced by an object submerged in a fluid is given by Archimedes' principle, which states that the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. This is represented by the formula F_b = W_d, where W_d is the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. This force acts in the opposite direction to gravity and is responsible for objects floating or sinking in fluids. Choice A is incorrect because the buoyant force is not equal to the object's weight. Choice C is incorrect because the density of the fluid is not directly related to the buoyant force. Choice D is incorrect because the object's volume is not the determining factor for the buoyant force.

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