Nursing Elites

1. What is a solution to insomnia?

• A. Developing good sleep habits and using herbs and spices.
• B. Avoiding physical activity.
• C. Staying awake for longer periods.
• D. Eating large meals before bed.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Developing good sleep habits and using herbs and spices. The passage highlights that sleep hygiene, which involves developing good sleep habits and non-pharmacological therapies like herbs and spices, are solutions to insomnia. These methods aim to promote better sleep quality. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Avoiding physical activity, staying awake for longer periods, and eating large meals before bed can actually worsen insomnia symptoms and disrupt sleep patterns.

2. What is the main idea of the passage about Toxins and Your Health?

• A. Environmental toxins may have dire health effects over time.
• B. Of three toxins studied, lead has the worst effect on health.
• C. Toxins may accumulate in the bones of older patients.
• D. Johns Hopkins University has discovered a new use for lead.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The passage emphasizes the long-term effects of environmental toxins such as lead, pesticides, and mercury on brain health, particularly as individuals age. Dr. Brian Schwartz's quote highlights the link between environmental exposure and cognitive decline, framing the entire discussion around the potential health ramifications of such exposure over time. This clearly aligns with choice A, making it the main idea of the passage.

3. What is the author's main argument in the passage on the Electoral College?

• A. The Electoral College ensures that all states have a say in elections.
• B. The Electoral College is outdated and needs reform.
• C. The Electoral College should be abolished.
• D. The Electoral College was created to favor larger states.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'The Electoral College is outdated and needs reform.' The passage discusses the Electoral College system, highlighting its complexities and the discrepancy between the popular vote and electoral vote outcomes. It mentions the confusion and the case of the 2000 election where the popular vote winner did not become president. The main argument is that the system is outdated and requires reforms to align with modern democratic principles. Choice A is incorrect as the passage does not focus on ensuring all states have a say but rather on the need for reform. Choice C is not the main argument presented in the passage; while the passage mentions confusion, it does not explicitly call for abolition. Choice D is incorrect as the passage does not state that the Electoral College was created to favor larger states; instead, it discusses the allocation of electoral votes based on Congressional representation and population.

4. What is the meaning of the word tolerance as used in the last paragraph about Yoga?

• A. Open-mindedness.
• B. Approval.
• C. Endurance.
• D. Generosity.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In this context, "tolerance" refers to the capacity to endure discomfort, particularly in relation to pain during yoga practices. The passage discusses how yoga improves pain tolerance, emphasizing the ability to withstand discomfort rather than any other meanings associated with the term, such as open-mindedness or approval.

5. In context, the word 'defective' in the first sentence of the passage means which of the following?

• A. Unusual
• B. Remarkable
• C. Postponed
• D. Faulty

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In the context provided, 'defective' means faulty, referring to the gene that causes cystic fibrosis (CF). The passage explains that CF is caused by a defective gene, resulting in the production of abnormally thick and sticky fluid. The word 'defective' suggests that the gene is not functioning correctly, leading to the symptoms associated with the disease. Therefore, 'faulty' is the correct choice. The other options, 'unusual,' 'remarkable,' and 'postponed,' do not accurately capture the meaning of 'defective' in this context and are therefore incorrect.

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