what is the technical term for the involuntary muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract
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ATI TEAS 7

TEAS 7 practice test science

1. What is the technical term for the involuntary muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Peristalsis is the term used to describe the involuntary muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract. This process involves rhythmic contractions and relaxations of the muscles in the digestive system, which help propel food from the esophagus to the stomach and through the intestines for digestion and absorption of nutrients. Segmentation refers to the mixing movements in the intestines that aid in the absorption of nutrients but is not the term for the movement of food through the digestive tract. Chylification is not a recognized term in digestive physiology. Emulsification is the process of breaking down fat globules into smaller droplets to aid in digestion, not the movement of food through the digestive tract.

2. Which of the following statements is NOT true of most metals?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because most metals are not gases at room temperature; they are usually solid and good conductors of heat. Metals are generally known for being good conductors of heat, ductile, and making up the majority of elements on the periodic table. Choice A is correct as metals, in general, are good conductors of heat. Choice C is also correct as most metals exhibit ductility. Choice D is correct as metals constitute the majority of elements found on the periodic table.

3. What term describes the front of the body, for example, the kneecap?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is 'B: Anterior.' In anatomy, 'anterior' refers to the front of the body, like the kneecap. On the other hand, 'posterior' describes the back of the body. Choices 'C: Superior' and 'D: Inferior' relate to structures being above or below a reference point, respectively, and are not used to describe the front or back of the body. Therefore, 'Anterior' is the most appropriate term given the context provided in the question.

4. Which type of joint allows for rotational movement around a single axis?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is a Pivot joint. A pivot joint, like the joint in the neck, enables rotational movement around a single axis. This type of joint is crucial for allowing the head to turn from side to side. Choice A, Ball-and-socket joint, allows for movement in multiple axes due to its spherical structure, not limited to single-axis rotation. Choice C, Hinge joint, allows movement in one plane like a door hinge, but not rotational movement around a single axis. Choice D, Saddle joint, allows movement in multiple directions but is not specifically designed for rotational movement around a single axis.

5. What is the major difference between somatic and germline mutations?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The major difference between somatic and germline mutations is that germline mutations are usually inherited and can be passed on to offspring, while somatic mutations occur in non-reproductive cells and only affect the individual in which they occur. This means that germline mutations have the potential to be present in future generations, while somatic mutations do not.

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