Nursing Elites

1. What is the normal (complete) flow of blood through the heart?

• A. Right atrium → lungs → left atrium → body
• B. Left atrium → left ventricle → body → right atrium
• C. Right atrium → right ventricle → lungs → left atrium → left ventricle → aorta → body
• D. Right ventricle → left ventricle → body

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct flow of blood through the heart starts with the right atrium receiving deoxygenated blood from the body, followed by the right ventricle pumping blood to the lungs for oxygenation. Oxygenated blood then returns to the heart through the left atrium, then passes to the left ventricle which pumps it out to the body through the aorta. This flow ensures that blood is properly oxygenated before circulating through the body. Choice A is incorrect as the blood does not go directly from the left atrium to the body, skipping the left ventricle. Choice B is incorrect as it does not follow the correct flow sequence in the heart. Choice D is incorrect as it does not include the full pathway of blood through the heart.

2. What type of bond connects sugar and phosphate in DNA?

• A. Hydrogen
• B. Ionic
• C. Covalent
• D. Overt

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is Covalent (C). In DNA, a covalent bond connects sugar and phosphate molecules. This bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between the atoms, providing stability to the DNA structure. Hydrogen bonds are important in DNA structure but are not the primary bond connecting sugar and phosphate. Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons, and 'overt' is not a term related to the bond connecting sugar and phosphate in DNA.

3. Which of the following molecules is a monosaccharide?

• A. Starch
• B. Glucose
• C. Cellulose
• D. Sucrose

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Starch is a polysaccharide, not a monosaccharide, making choice A incorrect. Glucose, choice B, is the correct answer as it is a monosaccharide, the simplest form of sugar. Cellulose, choice C, is a polysaccharide like starch, not a monosaccharide. Sucrose, choice D, is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose, not a monosaccharide. Glucose, being a monosaccharide, is a single sugar unit that serves as a primary energy source for living organisms.

4. Which element is used in fluorescent lamps and emits ultraviolet light when excited?

• A. Mercury
• B. Neon
• C. Argon
• D. Krypton

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Mercury is the correct element used in fluorescent lamps to emit ultraviolet light when excited. When an electric current passes through the mercury vapor inside the lamp, it generates ultraviolet (UV) light. This UV light then excites the phosphors coated on the inner surface of the lamp, causing them to emit visible light. Neon, argon, and krypton are not commonly used in fluorescent lamps for this purpose. Neon is primarily used in neon signs, argon is used in incandescent and fluorescent bulbs for inertia gas, and krypton is mainly used in certain types of specialized light bulbs for its specific properties.

5. What type of reaction is represented by the following equation: Fe2O3 (s) + 3H2 (g) -> 2Fe (s) + 3H2O (g)?

• A. Combustion
• B. Decomposition
• C. Single displacement
• D. Redox reaction

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Single displacement. This reaction is a single displacement reaction because the iron (Fe) in Fe2O3 is displaced by the hydrogen (H) in H2 to form Fe and H2O. In single displacement reactions, one element replaces another in a compound. Choice A, Combustion, involves a reaction with oxygen typically producing heat, light, and often a flame. Choice B, Decomposition, is when a compound breaks down into simpler substances. Choice D, Redox reaction, involves both reduction and oxidation reactions happening simultaneously, which is not the case in the provided equation.

Similar Questions