Nursing Elites

1. What is the name of the process by which a gas turns into a liquid?

• A. Sublimation
• B. Condensation
• C. Evaporation
• D. Deposition

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Condensation. Condensation is the process where gas transforms into a liquid. When gas cools down, it loses energy and its particles come closer, leading to the formation of liquid droplets. Sublimation is the direct transition from solid to gas without passing through the liquid state. Evaporation is the process of liquid turning into a gas, and deposition is the transition of gas directly into a solid. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they describe different phase transitions.

2. What is the pH of acids?

• A. 7.5
• B. < 7
• C. > 7
• D. 7

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: < 7. Acids have a pH lower than 7, indicating higher acidity. A pH below 7 signifies an acidic solution, with lower values indicating stronger acids. Choice A (7.5) is incorrect as it is greater than 7, which is alkaline. Choice C (> 7) is incorrect as values greater than 7 represent alkaline/basic solutions. Choice D (7) is incorrect because a pH of 7 is neutral, not acidic.

3. What term is used to describe the emission of particles from an unstable nucleus?

• A. Radioactivity
• B. Radiation
• C. Decay
• D. Fusion

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Radioactivity is the term used to describe the emission of particles from an unstable nucleus. When a nucleus is unstable, it undergoes radioactive decay by emitting particles such as alpha or beta particles. This process releases energy and transforms the unstable nucleus into a more stable configuration. Choice B, 'Radiation,' is a broad term that encompasses various forms of energy emitted from a source; it is not specific to the emission from an unstable nucleus. Choice C, 'Decay,' is closely related but doesn't specifically indicate the emission of particles from an unstable nucleus. Choice D, 'Fusion,' refers to the process of combining nuclei to form a heavier nucleus, not the emission of particles from an unstable nucleus.

4. What are the columns of the periodic table called?

• A. Periods
• B. Families
• C. Groups
• D. Rows

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the periodic table, columns are referred to as groups, not periods, families, or rows. These groups share similar chemical properties due to the arrangement of elements within each group, which is based on the number of valence electrons. The vertical columns help classify elements with similar characteristics. Periods refer to the rows of the periodic table, while families or groups are the vertical columns.

5. When balanced, the reaction Fe + O₂ → FeO will be?

• A. 2Fe + 2O₂ → 3FeO
• B. 4Fe + 6O₂ → 6FeO
• C. 2Fe + 3O₂ → 2FeO
• D. 4Fe + 3O₂ → 2FeO

Correct answer: C

Rationale: To balance the chemical equation Fe + O₂ → FeO, the coefficients needed are 2 for Fe and 1 for O. Therefore, the balanced equation becomes 2Fe + O₂ → 2FeO, which translates into 2Fe + 3O₂ → 2FeO. This corresponds to option C. Choice A has the incorrect number of oxygen molecules. Choice B has an incorrect number of Fe atoms on the product side. Choice D also has an incorrect number of Fe atoms on the product side.

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