Nursing Elites

1. What is the meaning of the word 'phenomenon' in the second paragraph?

• A. Something that is lifeless to the senses
• B. Something that is nonchalant
• C. Something that is significant but unusual
• D. Something that is chemical in origin

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In the context of the second paragraph, 'phenomenon' refers to something significant and unusual, specifically describing the scientific phenomenon known as the Doppler Effect. This effect explains the change in frequency of sound waves when a source of sound and the observer are in relative motion. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the meaning of 'phenomenon' in this context. 'Lifeless to the senses,' 'nonchalant,' and 'chemical in origin' do not align with the description of the Doppler Effect, which is a notable and uncommon scientific occurrence.

2. Which sound waves have a higher pitch?

• A. Those waves that are closer together
• B. Those waves that are farther apart
• C. Those waves that travel a long distance
• D. Those waves that travel a short distance

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Sound waves that are closer together have a higher pitch. This is explained by the Doppler Effect, where as a source of sound moves closer to an observer, the waves are compressed, resulting in a higher frequency and a higher pitch. Conversely, when the source moves away, the waves are stretched, leading to a lower frequency and a lower pitch. Therefore, choice A is correct. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the relationship between sound wave frequency and pitch.

3. Why did Macmillan add iron rims to the tires of his bicycle?

• A. Increase the weight of the bicycle.
• B. Enhance the durability of the tires.
• C. Reduce the bumpiness of the ride.
• D. Decrease the level of fatigue during the ride.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Macmillan added iron rims to his bicycle tires to enhance their durability and make them last longer. This innovation aimed to prevent the tires from getting worn down quickly. Adding weight to the bicycle (Choice A) was not the purpose of adding iron rims. While adding iron rims could potentially reduce the bumpiness of the ride (Choice C) by providing more stability, the main objective was to improve tire longevity. Similarly, reducing the level of fatigue during the ride (Choice D) was not the primary reason for adding iron rims.

4. What is the meaning of the word moderate as used in the last paragraph?

• A. Diminish
• B. Facilitate
• C. Enhance
• D. Conclude

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In this context, "moderate" means to diminish or reduce the severity of symptoms, such as those of attention deficit hyperactive disorder.

5. What is the meaning of the word composed in the first paragraph?

• A. To consist of
• B. To break apart
• C. To mix with other elements
• D. To heat up

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The word 'composed' means to be made up of or to consist of something. In the provided extract, it describes how a single drop of water is composed of an oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms. Therefore, the correct answer is 'To consist of.' Choice B, 'To break apart,' is incorrect as it is the opposite of 'composed.' Choice C, 'To mix with other elements,' is incorrect as 'composed' refers to being made up of specific components, not mixed with others. Choice D, 'To heat up,' is unrelated to the meaning of 'composed' in this context.

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