Nursing Elites

1. What is the formula for calculating density?

• A. Density = Volume / Mass
• B. Density = Mass × Volume
• C. Density = Mass / Volume
• D. Density = Volume - Mass

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Density is defined as the amount of mass in a given volume. The formula for calculating density is Density = Mass / Volume. This means that you divide the mass of an object by its volume to determine its density. Therefore, the correct formula for calculating density is Density = Volume / Mass. Choice A is correct because density is calculated by dividing the volume by the mass. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not represent the correct relationship between mass and volume in calculating density.

2. An uncharged atom has an electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 and a mass number of 14. How many protons does it have?

• A. 14
• B. 6
• C. 8
• D. 12

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (6 protons). The electron configuration provided corresponds to the element carbon, which has 6 protons. The mass number does not affect the number of protons in an atom, so despite the mass number of 14, the atom still contains 6 protons. Choice A (14) is incorrect because the mass number does not determine the number of protons. Choices C (8) and D (12) are incorrect as they do not match the number of protons in a carbon atom.

3. What controls muscles by sending electrical impulses to the muscles?

• A. Blood vessels
• B. Nerves
• C. Hormones
• D. Neurons

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Nerves control muscles by transmitting electrical impulses that initiate muscle contractions. Blood vessels are responsible for transporting blood, not controlling muscles. Hormones are chemical messengers produced by glands to regulate bodily functions, not specifically controlling muscles. Neurons are the basic building blocks of the nervous system that transmit signals, but nerves are the specific structures that control muscles by sending electrical impulses.

4. Through which aspect do afferent fibers enter the spinal cord?

• A. Through the anterior aspect
• B. Through the dorsal aspect
• C. Through the ventral aspect
• D. Through the lateral aspect

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Afferent fibers, responsible for carrying sensory information, enter the spinal cord through the posterior (dorsal) aspect. Specifically, they enter through the dorsal roots, located on the back (posterior) side of the spinal cord. This route allows sensory information to be transmitted to the central nervous system for processing and integration. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because afferent fibers do not enter the spinal cord through the anterior, ventral, or lateral aspects.

5. A collection of organs working together to perform a specific physiological function is known as a(n):

• A. Tissue
• B. Organ system
• C. Organelle
• D. Organ

Correct answer: B

Rationale: An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform specific functions in the body. Each organ within the system has a unique role, but they collaborate to achieve a common physiological function. This collaboration allows the body to carry out complex processes efficiently, demonstrating the interconnectedness and interdependence of different organs within the system. Choice A, 'Tissue,' refers to a group of cells that work together to perform a specific function, not a collection of organs. Choice C, 'Organelle,' is a subunit within a cell that has a specific function and is not a collection of organs. Choice D, 'Organ,' is a single structure composed of different tissues that performs a specific function, not a collection of organs working together.

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