Nursing Elites

1. At what temperature does water boil in °F?

• A. 210°F
• B. 212°F
• C. 215°F
• D. 220°F

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Water boils at 212°F under standard atmospheric pressure. This is the point at which water changes from a liquid to a gas phase. Choice A (210°F) is incorrect as it is below the boiling point of water. Choice C (215°F) and Choice D (220°F) are also incorrect as they are above the boiling point of water.

2. What is stoichiometry?

• A. The study of energy changes in chemical reactions
• B. The study of the mass relationships in chemical reactions
• C. The study of atomic structure
• D. The study of molecular geometry

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions. It focuses on the calculation of the amounts of substances consumed and produced in a reaction based on the balanced chemical equation. Choice A is incorrect because the study of energy changes in chemical reactions falls under thermodynamics. Choice C is incorrect as atomic structure is related to the arrangement of atoms within molecules. Choice D is incorrect as molecular geometry deals with the spatial arrangement of atoms within molecules.

3. Which classification best describes B, Si, As, Te, At, Ge, and Sb that form a staircase pattern on the right side of the periodic table?

• A. Metals
• B. Semimetals
• C. Nonmetals
• D. Ultrametals

Correct answer: B

Rationale: B, Si, As, Te, At, Ge, and Sb are located in a staircase pattern on the periodic table's right side. Elements in this region are known as metalloids or semimetals because they exhibit properties of both metals and nonmetals. They possess characteristics of both metallic and non-metallic elements, making them valuable semiconductors with diverse applications in electronics. Choice A is incorrect because these elements are not considered true metals. Choice C is incorrect as these elements do not display typical nonmetal properties exclusively. Choice D, 'Ultrametals,' is not a recognized classification in chemistry and is therefore incorrect.

4. Which of these intermolecular forces would result in the lowest boiling point?

• A. Dipole-dipole interaction
• B. London dispersion force
• C. Keesom interaction
• D. Hydrogen bonding

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The London dispersion force is the weakest intermolecular force among the options provided. These forces are present in all molecules and are caused by temporary fluctuations in electron density, resulting in temporary dipoles. Since London dispersion forces are generally weaker than dipole-dipole interactions, Keesom interactions, and hydrogen bonding, a substance with London dispersion forces as the primary intermolecular force would have the lowest boiling point due to the weaker intermolecular forces holding the molecules together. Dipole-dipole interactions, Keesom interactions, and hydrogen bonding are stronger intermolecular forces compared to London dispersion forces, resulting in higher boiling points for substances that exhibit these interactions.

5. What charge do Group IA elements have?

• A. +1
• B. +2
• C. +3
• D. 0

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Group IA elements, also known as alkali metals, have a +1 charge. They readily lose one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration, forming ions with a single positive charge. This makes +1 the correct choice. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because alkali metals in Group IA typically lose one electron, so they do not have a +2, +3, or 0 charge.

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