what is the acceleration due to gravity near the earths surface

ATI TEAS 7

ati teas 7 science

1. What is the acceleration due to gravity near the Earth's surface?

A. 9.8 meters per second squared (m/sÂ²)
B. 6.3 meters per second squared (m/sÂ²)
C. 5.0 meters per second squared (m/sÂ²)
D. 12.5 meters per second squared (m/sÂ²)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The acceleration due to gravity near the Earth's surface is approximately 9.8 m/sÂ². This value is commonly used in physics calculations and represents the rate at which an object accelerates towards the Earth when in free fall. The acceleration due to gravity is a constant value near the Earth's surface and affects the motion of all objects. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the standard value of 9.8 m/sÂ². Understanding the correct value of acceleration due to gravity is fundamental in physics as it helps in solving various problems related to motion, forces, and energy.

2. Which of the following describes a difference between cytosol and the mitochondrion?

A. Cytosol is a membrane-bound organelle, but the mitochondrion is not
B. Cytosol is part of the cytoplasm, but the mitochondrion is not
C. The mitochondrion is a membrane-bound organelle, but cytosol is not
D. The mitochondrion is part of the cytoplasm, but cytosol is not

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The mitochondrion is a membrane-bound organelle, while cytosol is the fluid part of the cytoplasm. This differentiation highlights that the mitochondrion has its own membrane structure separating it from the cytoplasm, whereas cytosol is not membrane-bound and represents the liquid portion of the cytoplasm. Choice A is incorrect because cytosol is not a membrane-bound organelle, and the mitochondrion is also not described accurately. Choice B is incorrect as cytosol is indeed part of the cytoplasm. Choice D is incorrect because both the mitochondrion and cytosol are part of the cytoplasm, but the mitochondrion is a membrane-bound organelle unlike cytosol.

3. Which factor do colligative properties of solutions depend on?

A. Concentration of the solvent
B. All of the above
C. Chemical identity of the solute
D. Number of solute particles in solution

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Colligative properties of solutions depend on the number of solute particles in solution. These properties, such as boiling point elevation, freezing point depression, vapor pressure lowering, and osmotic pressure, are proportional to the number of solute particles present in the solution. The chemical identity of the solute or the concentration of the solvent does not influence colligative properties, making choices A and C incorrect. Therefore, the correct answer is D, the number of solute particles in solution.

4. Which of the following components is found in DNA?

A. Uracil
B. Deoxyribose
C. Guanine
D. Phosphate group

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Deoxyribose. DNA is composed of nucleotides containing deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, and nitrogenous bases (adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine). Deoxyribose is the sugar component specific to DNA, while ribose is found in RNA. Guanine (choice C) is a nitrogenous base present in both DNA and RNA. Uracil (choice A) is a nitrogenous base specific to RNA, replacing thymine found in DNA. The phosphate group (choice D) is an essential part of nucleotides in both DNA and RNA, providing the backbone structure for the nucleic acid chains.

5. Which of the following is responsible for generating the electrical impulses that regulate the heartbeat?

A. Aorta
B. Pulmonary veins
C. Coronary arteries
D. Sinoatrial (SA) node

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The Sinoatrial (SA) node is responsible for generating the electrical impulses that regulate the heartbeat. It is often referred to as the heart's natural pacemaker because it initiates the electrical signals that coordinate the heart's contractions. The other options listed (Aorta, Pulmonary veins, Coronary arteries) do not play a direct role in generating the electrical impulses for the heartbeat. The Aorta is a large artery that carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart, the Pulmonary veins carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart, and the Coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle itself, but none of them are involved in generating the electrical impulses that regulate the heartbeat.