Nursing Elites

1. What happens to the momentum of an object when there is no external force acting upon it?

• A. Momentum increases
• B. Momentum decreases
• C. Momentum remains constant
• D. Momentum becomes zero

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When there is no external force acting upon an object, the law of conservation of momentum dictates that the momentum of the object remains constant. This means that the momentum does not increase or decrease; it stays the same. Choice A is incorrect because momentum does not increase. Choice B is incorrect because momentum does not decrease. Choice D is incorrect as momentum does not become zero; it remains constant as per the conservation law. Therefore, the correct answer is C, as the object's momentum is unchanged in the absence of external forces.

2. A car is moving in a circle at a constant speed. Which of the following is NOT true about its motion?

• A. It has a constant centripetal acceleration
• B. Its tangential velocity remains constant
• C. It experiences a force directed towards the center of the circle
• D. It covers the same distance in equal time intervals along its circular path

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In circular motion at a constant speed, the car has a constant centripetal acceleration (choice A), experiences a force directed towards the center of the circle (choice C), and covers the same distance in equal time intervals along its circular path (choice D). However, the tangential velocity of an object in circular motion at a constant speed changes continuously as it moves around the circle, so it is not constant (choice B). The change in tangential velocity allows the car to maintain its motion in a circular path despite moving at a constant speed. Choice A is incorrect because centripetal acceleration is indeed present to keep the car moving in a circular path. Choice C is incorrect as a force towards the center is required to keep the car in circular motion. Choice D is incorrect because the car covers equal distances in equal time intervals to maintain its circular trajectory.

3. Which of the following describes a typical gas?

• A. Indefinite shape and indefinite volume
• B. Indefinite shape and definite volume
• C. Definite shape and definite volume
• D. Definite shape and indefinite volume

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Indefinite shape and definite volume.' A gas does not have a definite shape as it takes the shape of its container, conforming to its surroundings. However, a gas does have a definite volume because it fills the entire volume of the container it occupies. This characteristic allows gases to expand to fill the available space provided by the container, while their volume remains constant within that container. Choice A is incorrect because gases do not have an indefinite volume but rather a definite volume. Choice C is incorrect as gases do not have a definite shape but take the shape of their container. Choice D is incorrect as gases do not have a definite shape and their volume is definite, not indefinite.

4. During which stage of meiosis II are sister chromatids separated, resulting in four genetically unique daughter cells?

• A. Prophase I
• B. Prophase II
• C. Anaphase I
• D. Anaphase II

Correct answer: D

Rationale: - Prophase I occurs in meiosis I, not meiosis II. During Prophase I, homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material in a process called crossing over. - Prophase II is the stage where the nuclear envelope breaks down, and spindle fibers start to reappear, preparing the cell for division. Sister chromatids are still attached during Prophase II. - Anaphase I is the stage in meiosis I where homologous chromosomes are separated and pulled to opposite poles of the cell. - Anaphase II is the stage in meiosis II where sister chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite poles of the cell, resulting in four genetically unique daughter cells. This is the stage where the final separation of genetic material occurs, leading to the formation of haploid daughter cells.

5. Which of the following glands produces growth hormone?

• A. Pituitary
• B. Thyroid
• C. Adrenal
• D. Pancreas

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Pituitary. The pituitary gland, also known as the master gland, produces growth hormone, which plays a crucial role in stimulating growth and cell reproduction. Choice B, the thyroid gland, primarily produces hormones that regulate metabolism, not growth hormone. Choice C, the adrenal glands, produce hormones like cortisol and adrenaline, but not growth hormone. Choice D, the pancreas, produces insulin and glucagon for regulating blood sugar levels, not growth hormone.

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