Nursing Elites

1. What does the prefix poly- mean in the word polygon?

• A. Few
• B. Several
• C. None
• D. Many

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'Many.' The prefix poly- comes from the Greek word 'polus,' which means 'many.' Therefore, in the word polygon, poly- indicates a shape with many sides. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the prefix poly- does not mean 'few,' 'several,' or 'none,' but rather 'many.'

2. The teacher shared several apothegms with the class, hoping that the short, wise sayings would inspire thoughtful discussions.

• A. instructions
• B. questions
• C. sayings
• D. lectures

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In this context, apothegms refers to short, wise sayings meant to convey wisdom or provoke thought. Apothegms are concise and insightful, serving as nuggets of wisdom. The term 'instructions' implies a set of directions or guidelines, not reflective of the nature of apothegms. 'Questions' are queries seeking information or answers, not synonymous with wise sayings. 'Lectures' are formal presentations or speeches, which are more extensive and detailed compared to the concise nature of apothegms.

3. How do you spell the past participle of the verb 'lie' (to recline)?

• A. lied
• B. lain
• C. lay
• D. lying

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct spelling of the past participle of the verb 'lie' (to recline) is 'lain.' 'Lied' is the past tense form of the verb, not the past participle. 'Lay' is the simple past form. 'Lying' is the present participle form. Therefore, the correct answer is 'lain,' representing the past participle form of the verb 'lie.'

4. What kind of error is present in the following sentence? "The project requires researching, writing a report, and presenting findings."

• A. Parallelism
• B. Sentence fragment
• C. Misplaced modifier
• D. Subject-verb agreement

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Parallelism. The sentence contains a parallelism error in the list of actions required for the project. In a series or list, all elements should be in the same grammatical form. In this sentence, 'researching' and 'writing' are in gerund form, but 'presenting' is in infinitive form. To ensure parallel structure, all items in the list should be in the same form. Therefore, the corrected version should read, "The project requires researching, writing a report, and presenting findings." Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. There are no sentence fragments, misplaced modifiers, or subject-verb agreement errors in the original sentence.

5. Which of the following is a complex sentence?

• A. When skywriting, a pilot flies a small aircraft in specific, particular formations, creating large letters visible from the ground.
• B. The public defense attorney was able to maintain her optimism despite her dearth of courtroom wins, her lack of free time, and her growing list of clients.
• C. Because the distance between stars in the galaxy is far greater than the distance between planets, interstellar travel is expected to be an even bigger challenge than interplanetary exploration.
• D. Invented in France in the early nineteenth century, the stethoscope underwent a number of reiterations before the emergence of the modern form of the instrument in the 1850s.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A complex sentence has one independent clause and at least one dependent clause connected by a subordinating conjunction or a relative pronoun. In choice C, the sentence 'Because the distance between stars in the galaxy is far greater than the distance between planets' is a dependent clause introduced by the subordinating conjunction 'Because,' while the rest of the sentence 'interstellar travel is expected to be an even bigger challenge than interplanetary exploration' forms the independent clause. This combination of an independent clause and a dependent clause makes choice C a complex sentence. Choices A, B, and D do not contain both an independent and dependent clause connected in the way that choice C does, thus they do not qualify as complex sentences.

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