Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following examples is a compound sentence?

• A. Shawn and Jerome played soccer in the backyard for two hours.
• B. Marissa last saw Elena and talked to her this morning.
• C. The baby was sick, so I decided to stay home from work.
• D. Denise, Kurt, and Eric went for a run after dinner.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses connected by a coordinating conjunction (such as 'and,' 'but,' 'so,' etc.) or a semicolon. In this case, 'The baby was sick' and 'I decided to stay home from work' are two independent clauses connected by the coordinating conjunction 'so.' Choice A is a simple sentence with one independent clause. Choice B is a complex sentence with an independent clause 'Marissa last saw Elena' and a dependent clause 'and talked to her this morning.' Choice D is also a simple sentence with one independent clause.

2. Complete the following equation: 5 + 3 × 4 - 6 / 2 = ?

• A. 5
• B. 9
• C. 11
• D. 7

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To solve this equation, follow the order of operations (PEMDAS/BODMAS): First, perform multiplication and division from left to right. 3 × 4 equals 12, and 6 / 2 equals 3. Then, carry out addition and subtraction from left to right. 5 + 12 - 3 equals 14, not 9. Therefore, the correct answer is 14, making choice B the correct answer. Choices A, C, and D can be eliminated as they do not match the correct result obtained by following the order of operations.

3. Which organ stores and concentrates bile?

• A. Liver
• B. Gallbladder
• C. Pancreas
• D. Stomach

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gallbladder. The gallbladder is the organ that stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver. Bile is essential for the digestion of fats in the small intestine. The liver produces bile, which is then stored and concentrated in the gallbladder until it is released into the small intestine when needed. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the liver produces bile, the pancreas produces digestive enzymes, and the stomach is primarily involved in the digestion of food through acid secretion and mechanical processes, not in storing bile.

4. Which element is used in fluorescent lamps and emits ultraviolet light when excited?

• A. Mercury
• B. Neon
• C. Argon
• D. Krypton

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Mercury is the correct element used in fluorescent lamps to emit ultraviolet light when excited. When an electric current passes through the mercury vapor inside the lamp, it generates ultraviolet (UV) light. This UV light then excites the phosphors coated on the inner surface of the lamp, causing them to emit visible light. Neon, argon, and krypton are not commonly used in fluorescent lamps for this purpose. Neon is primarily used in neon signs, argon is used in incandescent and fluorescent bulbs for inertia gas, and krypton is mainly used in certain types of specialized light bulbs for its specific properties.

5. What is the main function of the epiglottis, a small flap of cartilage located above the larynx?

• A. To warm and humidify inhaled air
• B. To control the passage of food and air
• C. To produce sound vibrations for speech
• D. To sense the presence of foreign objects

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The main function of the epiglottis is to control the passage of food and air. It acts as a cover for the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway. This mechanism ensures that food safely travels down the esophagus to the stomach, while air simultaneously enters the trachea and moves into the lungs for respiration. Choice A is incorrect as the warming and humidifying of inhaled air primarily occur in the nasal cavity. Choice C is incorrect because sound production for speech involves structures like the vocal cords rather than the epiglottis. Choice D is incorrect as sensing foreign objects is not a primary function of the epiglottis; instead, this role is typically associated with sensory receptors in the respiratory tract.

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