what are the white blood cells responsible for coordinating the immune response called

ATI TEAS 7

TEAS Test 7 science quizlet

1. What are the white blood cells responsible for coordinating the immune response called?

A. Red blood cells
B. Platelets
C. Lymphocytes
D. Neutrophils

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Lymphocytes, which include B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells, are responsible for coordinating the immune response. They play a crucial role in recognizing and fighting against pathogens and foreign substances in the body. Red blood cells are responsible for oxygen transport, platelets aid in blood clotting, and neutrophils are white blood cells primarily involved in combating infections. Therefore, the correct answer is C, lymphocytes, as they are specifically involved in coordinating immune responses.

2. Describe the mechanism by which genes are transmitted from parents to offspring.

A. Blending of parental genes, resulting in an average of their traits.
B. Random assortment of alleles during meiosis, leading to unique combinations in each offspring.
C. Inheritance of solely dominant alleles, masking the influence of recessive ones.
D. Direct transfer of both parental genomes, creating identical copies of the parents.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A) Blending of parental genes, resulting in an average of their traits, is not an accurate description of how genes are transmitted. In reality, genes are not blended but rather passed down in discrete units. B) Random assortment of alleles during meiosis is the correct mechanism by which genes are transmitted from parents to offspring. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes separate, and alleles are randomly distributed to the gametes, leading to unique combinations of genes in each offspring. C) Inheritance of solely dominant alleles, masking the influence of recessive ones, is not an accurate representation of gene transmission. Offspring inherit alleles from both parents, and the expression of dominant or recessive traits depends on the specific combination of alleles. D) Direct transfer of both parental genomes, creating identical copies of the parents, is not how genes are transmitted. Offspring inherit a unique combination

3. What are the small, finger-like projections in the small intestines called?

A. Cilia
B. Rugae
C. Trachea
D. Villi

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Villi. Villi are small, finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase the surface area for absorption, aiding in the absorption of nutrients. Cilia (Choice A) are tiny hair-like structures found in various parts of the body but are not present in the small intestine. Rugae (Choice B) are folds in the mucosa of the stomach that allow for its expansion during digestion. The trachea (Choice C) is part of the respiratory system, responsible for carrying air to and from the lungs, and is not related to the small intestine.

4. Which of the following is NOT a type of antibody?

A. IgA
B. IgM
C. Interferon
D. IgG

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A) IgA: This is a type of antibody found in mucosal areas such as the gut, respiratory tract, and genitourinary tract. It plays a role in mucosal immunity. B) IgM: This is a type of antibody produced during the primary immune response and is the first antibody to be produced in response to an infection. C) Interferon: Interferons are signaling proteins produced by cells in response to viral infections. They play a role in the immune response by interfering with viral replication, but they are not antibodies. D) IgG: This is the most abundant type of antibody in the bloodstream and is involved in long-term immunity. Therefore, the correct answer is C) Interferon, as it is not a type of antibody.

5. Which type of muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach and intestines, and is responsible for involuntary contractions to propel substances through the organs?

A. Cardiac muscle
B. Smooth muscle
C. Skeletal muscle
D. Striated muscle

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Smooth muscle is the correct answer. It is found in the walls of hollow organs like the stomach and intestines, where it performs involuntary contractions to move substances through these organs. Cardiac muscle, found in the heart, is responsible for pumping blood. Skeletal muscle is attached to bones and involved in voluntary movements. Striated muscle is a term often used interchangeably with skeletal muscle, which is responsible for voluntary movements but not typically found in the walls of hollow organs like the stomach and intestines.