Nursing Elites

1. What are negatively charged ions called?

• A. Neutrons
• B. Protons
• C. Anions
• D. Cations

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Negatively charged ions are called anions. Anions gain electrons and carry a negative charge, which distinguishes them from cations that are positively charged and neutrons and protons that are subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. Choice A, Neutrons, are neutral subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom, not negatively charged ions. Choice B, Protons, are positively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom, not negatively charged ions. Choice D, Cations, are positively charged ions that lose electrons, which is opposite to the behavior of negatively charged ions.

2. Which substance is a product of photosynthesis?

• A. Carbon dioxide
• B. Oxygen
• C. Water
• D. Glucose

Correct answer: D

Rationale: During photosynthesis, plants and other organisms convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Glucose is a carbohydrate produced by plants as a result of photosynthesis, serving as their main source of energy. Oxygen is released as a byproduct of this process, while carbon dioxide and water are the raw materials used to produce glucose. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Glucose,' making it a vital product of the photosynthesis process. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as carbon dioxide and water are the reactants needed for photosynthesis, and oxygen is released as a byproduct.

3. Which substance shows a decrease in solubility in water with an increase in temperature?

• A. NaCl
• B. O
• C. KI
• D. CaCl

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Potassium iodide (KI) shows a decrease in solubility in water with an increase in temperature. This is due to the dissolution of KI in water being an endothermic process. When the temperature rises, the equilibrium shifts toward the solid state, leading to a decrease in solubility. Therefore, as the temperature increases, KI becomes less soluble in water. Choice A (NaCl) and Choice D (CaCl) do not exhibit a decrease in solubility with an increase in temperature. NaCl and CaCl are generally more soluble in water at higher temperatures. Choice B (Oxygen) is a gas and not typically considered in solubility discussions involving solids or liquids dissolving in water.

4. How many electrons are shared in a single covalent bond?

• A. 1
• B. 2
• C. 3
• D. 4

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: '2'. In a single covalent bond, two electrons are shared between two atoms. Each atom contributes one electron to form the bond, resulting in the sharing of a total of two electrons. Choice A is incorrect because a single covalent bond involves the sharing of two electrons, not one. Choices C and D are incorrect as they do not represent the correct number of electrons shared in a single covalent bond.

5. Which particles are emitted during radioactivity?

• A. Electrons
• B. Protons
• C. Radiation
• D. Neutrons

Correct answer: C

Rationale: During radioactivity, radiation is emitted from an unstable nucleus. This radiation can take various forms like alpha particles, beta particles, or gamma rays. These particles or rays are emitted as a result of the unstable nucleus's attempt to achieve a more stable configuration. Therefore, the correct answer is radiation (Choice C). Electrons (Choice A), protons (Choice B), and neutrons (Choice D) are not typically emitted during radioactivity, as the emission is primarily in the form of radiation.

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