Nursing Elites

1. When two cars with different masses collide head-on, which car experiences a greater change in momentum?

• A. The car with the larger mass
• B. The car with the smaller mass
• C. Both cars experience the same change in momentum
• D. It depends on the initial velocities of the cars

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In a head-on collision between two cars, the law of conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of the isolated system remains constant before and after the collision. The change in momentum of one car is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the change in momentum of the other car. As a result, both cars experience the same change in momentum during the collision. Choice A is incorrect because the change in momentum is the same for both cars due to the conservation of momentum principle. Choice B is incorrect as the smaller mass car does not experience a greater change in momentum. Choice D is incorrect as the initial velocities of the cars do not determine which car experiences a greater change in momentum; it is solely dependent on the masses of the colliding cars.

2. Which part of the digestive system is responsible for absorbing water and forming feces?

• A. Stomach
• B. Small intestine
• C. Large intestine
• D. Esophagus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is the large intestine. The large intestine is responsible for absorbing water and forming feces from undigested food. The stomach's main function is to break down food with acid and enzymes. The small intestine is where most of the nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. The esophagus is the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach and does not play a role in absorbing water or forming feces.

3. Mesosomes are the internal extensions of which of the following?

• A. Capsule
• B. Cell membranes
• C. Cell wall
• D. Chromatin body

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Mesosomes are the internal extensions of the cell membrane, not the capsule, cell wall, or chromatin body. They play a crucial role in cell division and are essential for various cellular processes such as respiration and cell wall formation. Mesosomes are not associated with the capsule (choice A), cell wall (choice C), or chromatin body (choice D), making these options incorrect.

4. Which of the following is true regarding T cells?

• A. They are only seen in individuals with leukemia.
• B. They are a specialized type of white blood cell.
• C. They mature in the thymus.
• D. They play a role in the immune response.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: T cells are a specialized type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in the immune response. They are produced in the bone marrow and mature in the thymus gland. T cells help coordinate and regulate the immune response to pathogens and foreign substances by interacting with other immune cells. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. T cells are not exclusively seen in individuals with leukemia; they are a normal component of the immune system found in healthy individuals. While it is true that T cells are a specialized type of white blood cell, the key characteristic being tested in this question is their role in the immune response. Lastly, T cells do mature in the thymus, but this alone does not encompass the full scope of their function in the immune system.

5. Which type of cell division is responsible for growth and repair?

• A. Meiosis
• B. Mitosis
• C. Binary fission
• D. Osmosis

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Mitosis is the correct type of cell division responsible for growth and repair. During mitosis, a cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells, contributing to growth and tissue repair in multicellular organisms. Meiosis, on the other hand, is involved in the formation of gametes (sperm and egg cells) for sexual reproduction. Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms, and osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to growth and repair in multicellular organisms.

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