the word lethargy as used in the second paragraph of the passage can best be defined as

HESI A2

HESI A2 Reading Comprehension

1. The word lethargy as used in the second paragraph of the passage can best be defined as ___________.

A. Sluggishness
B. Irritability
C. Energy
D. Starvation

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In this context, 'lethargy' refers to a state of sluggishness or lack of energy. The passage mentions that people with seasonal affective disorder (SAD) struggle with lethargy and chronic fatigue, impairing their daily lives. Therefore, the correct definition of 'lethargy' in this context is 'sluggishness.' Choice B, 'Irritability,' is incorrect as lethargy refers more to a lack of energy than to being irritable. Choice C, 'Energy,' is the opposite of lethargy. Choice D, 'Starvation,' is unrelated to the definition of lethargy in this context.

2. What is the author’s attitude toward vegetarianism?

A. Scoffing
B. Positive
C. Cautious
D. Uninterested

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The author presents a positive view of vegetarianism, citing benefits and supporting evidence.

3. Which of the following statements is an opinion related to Barefoot Running?

A. Running barefoot is natural and advantageous.
B. The cost of modern running shoes keeps increasing.
C. Concrete sidewalks are harder than dirt paths.
D. The arch of the foot gives a spring to the step.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The statement that "running barefoot is natural and advantageous" reflects a subjective opinion, which cannot be definitively proven or measured objectively. The other statements (B, C, and D) provide factual observations or comparisons that can be validated through evidence, which distinguishes A as the only opinion-based statement.

4. What is the meaning of the word unprocessed as used in the first paragraph about Super Foods?

A. Natural and untreated
B. Made of vegetable matter
C. Home grown
D. Uncirculated or undigested

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In this context, "unprocessed" refers to foods that are in their natural state and have not been altered or treated in any way. This aligns with the idea of whole foods being free from additives and preservatives, making A the most accurate choice.

5. What is the author’s primary purpose in writing this essay about microbes?

A. To persuade
B. To inform
C. To entertain
D. To analyze

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The author's primary purpose is to inform readers about the crucial role of microorganisms in the immune system. The essay focuses on presenting factual information and recent discoveries regarding the impact of microbes on human health. The author aims to educate the readers on the significance of microbes in human health rather than persuade them of a particular viewpoint (Choice A), entertain them with light-hearted content (Choice C), or analyze in-depth data and findings (Choice D). The essay's emphasis on informing readers about the role of microorganisms in the immune system makes 'To inform' the correct choice.