Nursing Elites

1. What is the study of the geographical distribution of organisms and the factors that influence it known as?

• A. Paleontology (the study of fossils)
• B. Taxonomy (the classification of organisms)
• C. Biogeography
• D. Population genetics

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Biogeography is the scientific discipline that focuses on studying the geographical distribution of organisms and the factors that influence their patterns of distribution. This field investigates the reasons behind why species are located where they are, taking into account historical events, ecological interactions, and physical geography. Paleontology (option A) specifically deals with the study of fossils and the history of life on Earth, mainly focusing on extinct organisms. Taxonomy (option B) is the science that involves classifying and naming organisms based on their characteristics. Population genetics (option D) is concerned with the study of genetic variation and evolutionary processes within populations of organisms. Therefore, in the context of studying the distribution of organisms across space and time, biogeography is the most appropriate choice.

2. Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?

• A. Axon
• B. Dendrite
• C. Synapse
• D. Myelin sheath

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, Dendrite. Dendrites are the part of the neuron that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them to the cell body. Axons transmit signals away from the cell body, synapse is the junction between neurons where neurotransmitters are released, and myelin sheath is a fatty layer that insulates and speeds up signal conduction along the axon. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect in the context of receiving signals from other neurons.

3. If 35% of a paycheck is deducted for taxes and 4% for insurance, what is the total percent taken out of the paycheck?

• A. 20%
• B. 31%
• C. 39%
• D. 42%

Correct answer: C

Rationale: When 35% is deducted for taxes and 4% for insurance, the total percentage taken out of the paycheck is 35% + 4% = 39%. Therefore, the correct answer is 39%, which corresponds to option C. Option A (20%) is incorrect because it does not account for the total deductions. Option B (31%) is incorrect as it does not sum up the percentages correctly. Option D (42%) is incorrect as it overestimates the total deductions.

4. Based on the affixes, which of the following words could be defined as 'the study of humans'?

• A. Biology
• B. Philanthropy
• C. Anthropomorphism
• D. Anthropology

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Anthropology.' This term is derived from the Greek words 'anthropos' meaning 'human' and 'logos' meaning 'study.' Therefore, Anthropology refers to the study of humans. Choice A, 'Biology,' is the study of living organisms, not specifically focused on humans. Choice B, 'Philanthropy,' refers to the practice of giving and helping others. Choice C, 'Anthropomorphism,' is the attribution of human characteristics to non-human entities.

5. Which part of the cell is responsible for storing genetic information?

• A. Ribosome
• B. Mitochondrion
• C. Nucleus
• D. Cytoplasm

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Nucleus. The nucleus is responsible for storing genetic information in the form of DNA. The DNA within the nucleus controls the activities of the cell by directing the synthesis of proteins and regulating gene expression. Choices A, Ribosome, B, Mitochondrion, and D, Cytoplasm, do not store genetic information. Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis, mitochondria produce energy for the cell, and cytoplasm is a gel-like substance that houses organelles and where many cellular activities occur.

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