Nursing Elites

1. The specific heat capacity (c) of a material is the amount of heat transfer (Q) required to raise the temperature (ΔT) of a unit mass (m) of the material by one degree (typically Celsius). The relationship between these quantities is described by the equation:

• A. Q = cΔT
• B. Q = mcΔT
• C. Q = c / mΔT
• D. Q = ΔT / mc

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct equation relating heat transfer (Q), mass (m), specific heat capacity (c), and change in temperature (ΔT) is Q = mcΔT. This equation states that the heat transfer is equal to the product of the mass, specific heat capacity, and temperature change. Therefore, the correct answer is B, as it correctly represents this relationship. Choices C and D do not correctly represent the relationship between these quantities and are therefore incorrect.

2. If a force of 12 kg stretches a spring by 3 cm, how far will the spring stretch when a force of 30 kg is applied?

• A. 6 cm
• B. 7.5 cm
• C. 9 cm
• D. 10.5 cm

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied. In this case, the force increases from 12 kg to 30 kg, which is a 2.5 times increase. Therefore, the extension of the spring will also increase by 2.5 times. Given that the spring stretches 3 cm with a force of 12 kg, multiplying 3 cm by 2.5 gives us the extension of the spring when a force of 30 kg is applied, which equals 7.5 cm. Therefore, the correct answer is 7.5 cm. Choice A, 6 cm, is incorrect because it does not account for the proportional increase in force. Choice C, 9 cm, and Choice D, 10.5 cm, are incorrect as they overestimate the extension of the spring by not considering the direct proportionality between force and extension.

3. The triple point of a substance is the specific temperature and pressure at which all three phases (solid, liquid, and gas) can coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium. Which of the following statements about the triple point is true?

• A. It can vary depending on the container size.
• B. It is a unique point for each pure substance.
• C. The pressure at the triple point can be zero for some substances.
• D. The temperature at the triple point can be above the boiling point of the liquid phase.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The triple point is a unique temperature and pressure where all three phases (solid, liquid, and gas) of a pure substance can coexist in equilibrium. It is a constant for each substance and independent of container size. Choice A is incorrect because the triple point is a fixed point regardless of the container size. Choice C is incorrect as the pressure at the triple point is specific for each substance and will not be zero unless the substance has unique properties. Choice D is incorrect since the temperature at the triple point is precisely defined and cannot be above the boiling point of the liquid phase.

4. When two long, parallel wires carry currents in the same direction, the wires will experience a force of:

• A. An unpredictable force depending on wire material
• B. Repulsion
• C. No force
• D. Attraction

Correct answer: D

Rationale: When two wires carry current in the same direction, they create magnetic fields that interact with each other. This interaction results in an attractive force between the wires due to the alignment of their magnetic fields. Choice A is incorrect because the force can be predicted based on the direction of the currents and the magnetic fields produced. Choice B is incorrect because when currents flow in the same direction, they do not repel each other. Choice C is incorrect because there is indeed a force present due to the interaction of magnetic fields, resulting in attraction between the wires.

5. A 0-kg block on a table is given a push so that it slides along the table. If the block is accelerated at 6 m/s2, what was the force applied to the block?

• A. 0 N
• B. 3 N
• C. 6 N
• D. The answer cannot be determined from the information given.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: According to Newton's second law of motion, F=ma. Since the block has a mass of 0 kg, the force applied must be 0 N, as no force is needed to move an object with zero mass.

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