Nursing Elites

1. What pigment is responsible for the yellow color of bananas?

• A. Potassium
• B. Calcium
• C. Phosphorus
• D. Carotene

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Carotene is the pigment responsible for the yellow color of bananas. It belongs to a group of plant pigments called carotenoids, which are responsible for giving fruits and vegetables their vibrant colors, including the yellow hue of bananas. Potassium, calcium, and phosphorus are essential minerals found in bananas but are not responsible for their yellow color.

2. Which system is responsible for transporting nutrients, gases, and wastes in the body?

• A. Respiratory system
• B. Digestive system
• C. Circulatory system
• D. Nervous system

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The circulatory system is responsible for transporting nutrients, gases, and wastes to and from the cells in the body. It includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood, which work together to distribute oxygen, nutrients, and remove waste products throughout the body. The respiratory system is primarily involved in gas exchange, the digestive system breaks down food for absorption, and the nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body.

3. What is the function of the Vas Deferens?

• A. Produces fluid to increase sperm mobility
• B. Site where the egg matures
• C. Helps control urine flow
• D. Connects each testis to the urethra

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The vas deferens is a duct that connects each testis to the urethra, allowing the transport of sperm. Choice A is incorrect because the vas deferens does not produce fluid to increase sperm mobility. Choice B is incorrect as the vas deferens is not a site for egg maturation. Choice C is incorrect as the vas deferens does not help control urine flow, its primary role is in the transport of sperm.

4. Water is capable of dissolving many substances that organisms need to carry out life functions. Which of the properties of water listed below is responsible for its ability to dissolve important nutrients like ionic salt compounds?

• A. adhesion
• B. cohesion
• C. high specific heat
• D. high polarity

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The property of water that is responsible for its ability to dissolve important nutrients like ionic salt compounds is its high polarity. Water is a polar molecule with a positive and negative end, which allows it to attract and surround individual ions from salt compounds, causing them to dissociate and dissolve in water. This property makes water an excellent solvent for various substances necessary for life functions. Adhesion refers to the ability of water molecules to stick to other substances, cohesion is the attraction between water molecules themselves, and high specific heat is the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of water. While these properties are important characteristics of water, they are not directly responsible for its ability to dissolve ionic salt compounds.

5. What are the building blocks of proteins?

• A. Sugars
• B. Fatty acids
• C. Amino acids
• D. Nucleotides

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Proteins are macromolecules made up of long chains of amino acids. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are linked together through peptide bonds to form polypeptide chains, which then fold into specific three-dimensional structures to carry out various functions in the body. Sugars (choice A) are the building blocks of carbohydrates, fatty acids (choice B) are the building blocks of lipids, and nucleotides (choice D) are the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA. Therefore, the correct answer is amino acids (choice C), as they are specifically responsible for protein synthesis.

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