Nursing Elites

1. What happens when the diaphragm contracts?

• A. Air is expelled from the lungs.
• B. The lungs expand to allow air intake.
• C. The vocal cords vibrate to produce sound.
• D. The trachea narrows to control airflow.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, creating more space in the chest cavity. This expansion of the chest cavity causes the lungs to expand as well, allowing air to be drawn into the lungs during inhalation. Therefore, the correct answer is that the lungs expand to allow air intake when the diaphragm contracts. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because when the diaphragm contracts, it does not expel air from the lungs, cause the vocal cords to vibrate, or narrow the trachea to control airflow.

2. Which vitamin requires the lymphatic system for proper absorption from the intestine?

• A. Vitamin A
• B. Vitamin C
• C. Vitamin D
• D. Vitamin B12

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin D. Vitamin D requires the lymphatic system for proper absorption from the intestine. Unlike vitamins A, C, and B12, which are absorbed directly into the bloodstream, vitamin D is absorbed into the lymphatic system first before entering the bloodstream. Therefore, options A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not rely on the lymphatic system for absorption from the intestine.

3. Which hormone is released by the pituitary gland?

• A. Estrogen
• B. Luteinizing Hormone
• C. Progesterone
• D. Testosterone

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Luteinizing Hormone. The pituitary gland releases luteinizing hormone, which plays a crucial role in reproductive functions by stimulating ovulation in females and testosterone production in males. Choice A, Estrogen, is incorrect as estrogen is mainly produced by the ovaries. Choice C, Progesterone, is incorrect as progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum in the ovaries and the placenta during pregnancy. Choice D, Testosterone, is incorrect as testosterone is produced primarily in the testes in males and in smaller amounts in the ovaries and adrenal glands in females.

4. Which of the following is the control group in the above experiment?

• A. tank A
• B. tank B
• C. tank C
• D. There is no control group in this experiment.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: There is no control group in this experiment. A control group is a group in an experiment that does not receive the treatment being studied in order to serve as a baseline for comparison. In this case, all three tanks (A, B, and C) are being treated with different amounts of fertilizer, and there is no group that is left untreated to serve as a control for comparison. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they all represent tanks that are part of the experimental groups receiving different amounts of fertilizer, thus none of them can be considered the control group.

5. Which of the following is an example of an unsaturated fatty acid?

• A. Stearic acid
• B. Palmitic acid
• C. Oleic acid
• D. Butyric acid

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Oleic acid is an example of an unsaturated fatty acid because it contains one or more double bonds in its hydrocarbon chain, leading to kinks in the chain structure. This unsaturation gives it a lower melting point compared to saturated fatty acids. Stearic acid (A), Palmitic acid (B), and Butyric acid (D) are examples of saturated fatty acids as they do not contain any double bonds in their hydrocarbon chains, leading to a straight structure and higher melting points.

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