the central nervous system is made up of all except which of the following
Logo

Nursing Elites

HESI A2

Quizlet HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology

1. Which of the following is not a component of the central nervous system?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The central nervous system comprises the brain and spinal cord, responsible for processing and transmitting information. The retina, though part of the eye, is an extension of the central nervous system. However, the heart is part of the circulatory system, responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. Therefore, the correct answer is the heart as it is not a component of the central nervous system.

2. When are gallstones most problematic?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Gallstones become most problematic when they block a duct, such as the bile duct or cystic duct. This blockage can lead to various complications, including inflammation, infection, and even damage to the gallbladder or liver. In severe cases, a blocked duct can cause intense pain, jaundice, and other serious symptoms that require medical intervention. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the presence of cholesterol or bilirubin in gallstones or the process of dissolution do not necessarily indicate when gallstones become most problematic. The critical issue arises when the stones obstruct a duct, leading to complications.

3. Which organ system is primarily responsible for regulating electrolytes?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The urinary system, specifically the kidneys, is primarily responsible for regulating electrolytes in the body by filtering and excreting excess electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium, and chloride, through urine. The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining the body's electrolyte balance, which is essential for various bodily functions and overall health. The endocrine system regulates hormones, the lymphatic system is involved in immunity, and the nervous system controls communication in the body. Therefore, the correct answer is B, the urinary system, as it directly handles electrolyte regulation by adjusting their excretion levels.

4. Which type of joint is found in the neck and allows for rotational movement?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pivot joint. A pivot joint, like the one found in the neck, allows for rotational movement, enabling the head to turn from side to side. Hinge joints (Choice A) allow movement in one plane like a door hinge and are not found in the neck. Ball and socket joints (Choice C) allow for a wide range of motion in multiple directions and are typically found in the hip and shoulder. Saddle joints (Choice D) allow for movement back and forth and side to side, like the thumb joint, but are not found in the neck.

5. Which hormone is involved in the fight or flight response?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Adrenaline. Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is the hormone involved in the fight or flight response. It is released by the adrenal glands, preparing the body for action by increasing heart rate, dilating airways, and mobilizing energy stores. Choice A, Cortisol, is a hormone released in response to stress but is not directly involved in the fight or flight response. Choice C, Thyroxine, is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that regulates metabolism and growth, not specifically associated with the fight or flight response. Choice D, Melatonin, is a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles and is not involved in the fight or flight response.

Similar Questions

What are the chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and metabolism of specific target cells called?
Which vitamin is essential for maintaining healthy skin and vision?
What is the function of parathyroid hormone?
Which type of nutrient does not provide the body with energy?
Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as which of the following?

Access More Features

HESI A2 Basic
$89/ 30 days

  • 3,000 Questions with answers
  • 30 days access

HESI A2 Premium
$129.99/ 90 days

  • Actual HESI A2 Questions
  • 3,000 questions with answers
  • 90 days access

Other Courses