Nursing Elites

1. Select the meaning of the word 'vital' in the sentence: 'It is vital for the victim of a serious accident to receive medical attention immediately.'

• A. recommended
• B. discouraged
• C. essential
• D. sufficient

Correct answer: C

Rationale: In this context, 'vital' means absolutely necessary or essential, indicating that receiving medical attention immediately is crucial for the victim's well-being. Choice A, 'recommended,' suggests a level of advisability rather than necessity. Choice B, 'discouraged,' is the opposite of the meaning conveyed by 'vital.' Choice D, 'sufficient,' implies having enough of something, which is not the intended meaning in the given sentence.

2. What is Diffusion?

• A. Movement of materials from low concentration to high concentration
• B. Movement of materials from high concentration to low concentration
• C. Absorption of nutrients
• D. Breaking of materials

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Diffusion is the process where substances move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This movement occurs due to the random motion of particles and continues until equilibrium is reached. Choice A is incorrect because diffusion occurs down the concentration gradient, from high to low concentration, not from low to high concentration. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to the uptake of substances by cells, not the general process of diffusion. Choice D is incorrect as it does not accurately describe the process of diffusion; diffusion involves the movement of substances, not the breaking of materials.

3. Select the meaning of the underlined word in the following sentence. The patient is lying prone next to the monitor.

• A. Face down
• B. Immovable
• C. Face up
• D. Asleep

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The word 'prone' in the sentence 'The patient is lying prone next to the monitor' indicates that the patient is positioned face down. 'Prone' refers to the body position in which the front surface of the body, such as the chest or abdomen, is facing downwards. Therefore, choice A, 'Face down,' is the correct meaning. Choices B, 'Immovable,' C, 'Face up,' and D, 'Asleep,' are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the meaning of 'prone' in the context of the sentence.

4. Medicine that is given in inhalant form is ___________.

• A. dissolved
• B. injected
• C. taken orally
• D. breathed in

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Medicine that is given in inhalant form is intended to be breathed in, typically through the mouth or nose. This allows the medication to reach the lungs directly and be absorbed into the bloodstream quickly. Examples of medications given in inhalant form include inhalers used for conditions like asthma and nebulizers for respiratory treatments. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because medicine in inhalant form is not dissolved, injected, or taken orally; instead, it is inhaled to reach the lungs.

5. What is a Contraindication?

• A. A reason to perform an action
• B. A reason something should not be done
• C. A warning of a possible side effect
• D. A reason something is advised

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A contraindication is a specific situation in which a drug, procedure, or treatment should not be used because it may be harmful. Choice A is incorrect because a contraindication advises against performing an action. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to a precaution regarding side effects rather than a reason not to proceed. Choice D is incorrect because a contraindication does not advise the use of something.

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