Nursing Elites

1. How will mildly elevated levels of thyroxine affect the heart rate?

• A. Stop the heart rate
• B. No effect
• C. Decrease the heart rate
• D. Increase the heart rate

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Mildly elevated levels of thyroxine will increase the heart rate. Thyroxine, a hormone produced by the thyroid gland, regulates metabolism. Elevated thyroxine levels can lead to increased metabolism, resulting in an elevated heart rate. Choice A is incorrect as mildly elevated thyroxine levels do not stop the heart rate. Choice B is incorrect because elevated thyroxine levels do have an effect on heart rate. Choice C is incorrect as elevated thyroxine levels typically lead to an increase rather than a decrease in heart rate.

2. Which of the following is NOT a function of the nervous system?

• A. Detecting touch
• B. Regulating body temperature
• C. Producing insulin
• D. Controlling muscle movement

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The nervous system is responsible for detecting touch (option A), regulating body temperature (option B), and controlling muscle movement (option D). Producing insulin (option C) is a function of the endocrine system, which produces hormones like insulin to regulate metabolism and glucose levels. Therefore, option C is the correct answer as it is not a function of the nervous system.

3. Which of the following terms means toward the front of the body?

• A. Superior
• B. Anterior
• C. Inferior
• D. Posterior

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Anterior. The term 'anterior' specifically refers to the front of the body. In anatomical terms, anterior is the opposite of posterior, which means toward the back of the body. Superior and inferior, choices A and C, respectively, refer to top and bottom directions, not front and back. Therefore, 'Anterior' is the most appropriate term for describing a position toward the front of the body.

4. Which type of nuclear reaction releases a large amount of energy in a short time?

• A. Radioactivity
• B. Nuclear fission
• C. Nuclear fusion
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Nuclear fusion releases a large amount of energy in a short time by combining two light atomic nuclei to form a heavier nucleus. This process is the energy source of the sun and hydrogen bombs. Radioactivity involves the spontaneous emission of particles or energy from an unstable atomic nucleus, while nuclear fission is the splitting of a heavy atomic nucleus into two or more lighter nuclei, also releasing energy. While all the options are types of nuclear reactions, nuclear fusion is specifically known for releasing a large amount of energy rapidly, making it the correct choice in this context. Choices A and B are incorrect as they do not specifically describe the process of releasing a large amount of energy in a short time. Choice D is incorrect because not all the options listed release a large amount of energy in a short time, making it an inaccurate answer.

5. Which type of bond is exemplified by KCl?

• A. Ionic bond
• B. Covalent bond
• C. Hydrogen bond
• D. Polar covalent bond

Correct answer: A

Rationale: KCl exemplifies an ionic bond. In an ionic bond, electrons are transferred between atoms, resulting in the formation of ions. In the case of KCl, potassium (K) donates an electron to chlorine (Cl), leading to the creation of K+ and Cl- ions, which are held together by electrostatic forces of attraction. Choice B, covalent bond, is incorrect because covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms, not the transfer of electrons as seen in KCl. Choice C, hydrogen bond, is incorrect as hydrogen bonds are a type of intermolecular force, not a bond formed by the transfer or sharing of electrons between atoms. Choice D, polar covalent bond, is also incorrect because although it involves the sharing of electrons with an unequal distribution of charge, KCl is a clear example of ionic bonding where electrons are completely transferred.

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