Nursing Elites

1. How many milligrams are in 5 grams?

• A. 0.005 mg
• B. 50 mg
• C. 500 mg
• D. 5000 mg

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To convert grams to milligrams, you need to multiply by 1000 since 1 gram is equal to 1000 milligrams. Therefore, 5 grams is equal to 5 * 1000 = 5000 milligrams. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not correctly convert grams to milligrams. Choice A is incorrect as it represents a decrease in value instead of an increase when converting from grams to milligrams. Choice B is incorrect because it is a factor of 10 lower than the correct answer. Choice C is incorrect as it is a factor of 10 lower than the correct answer. Thus, the correct answer is D, 5000 mg.

2. Two friends get frozen yogurt. The ratio of yogurt to toppings is 4:3. If one of the friends has 4.5 oz of toppings in their bowl, what is the amount of yogurt in their dessert?

• A. 6 oz
• B. 5.5 oz
• C. 3 oz
• D. 3.5 oz

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The ratio 4:3 implies that for every 4 oz of yogurt, there are 3 oz of toppings. To find the amount of yogurt when the friend has 4.5 oz of toppings, we use the proportion: (4/3) × 4.5 = 6 oz. Therefore, the amount of yogurt in their dessert is 6 oz. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the correct calculation based on the given ratio.

3. A certain exam has 30 questions. A student gets 1 point for each question answered correctly and loses half a point for each question answered incorrectly; no points are gained or lost for questions left blank. If x represents the number of questions a student answers correctly and y represents the number of questions left blank, which of the following expressions represents the student's score on the exam?

• A. x - y/2
• B. x - y
• C. 30 - (x + y)
• D. 30 - x - y/2

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The student's score is calculated by adding the points earned for correct answers (x) and subtracting the points lost for incorrect answers (y/2). Therefore, the expression for the student's score on the exam is x - y/2. Option A is correct because it accurately represents this calculation. Option B (x - y) is incorrect as it does not account for the penalty of losing half a point for each incorrect answer. Option C (30 - (x + y)) is incorrect as it subtracts the total number of questions from the sum of correct and blank answers, which does not represent the scoring system. Option D (30 - x - y/2) is also incorrect as it incorrectly subtracts x from 30 and then deducts y divided by 2, which is not the correct scoring method for the exam.

4. Curtis measured the temperature of water in a flask in his science class. The temperature of the water was 35 °C. He carefully heated the flask so that the temperature of the water increased by about 2 °C every 3 minutes. Approximately how much had the temperature of the water increased after 20 minutes?

• A. 10 °C
• B. 13 °C
• C. 15 °C
• D. 35 °C

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To find the increase in temperature after 20 minutes, calculate how many 3-minute intervals are in 20 minutes (20 ÷ 3 = 6.66, rounding to 7 intervals). Then, multiply the temperature increase per interval (2 °C) by the number of intervals (7 intervals), giving a total increase of 14 °C. Therefore, after 20 minutes, the temperature of the water would have increased by approximately 14 °C. Choice A, 10 °C, is incorrect as it underestimates the total increase. Choice C, 15 °C, is incorrect as it overestimates the total increase. Choice D, 35 °C, is incorrect as it represents the initial temperature of the water, not the increase in temperature.

5. Which statement best describes the rate of change?

• A. Every day, the snow melts 10 centimeters.
• B. Every day, the snow melts 5 centimeters.
• C. Every day, the snow increases by 10 centimeters.
• D. Every day, the snow increases by 5 centimeters.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The rate of change refers to how one quantity changes concerning another quantity. In this scenario, the rate of change is the amount of snow melting per day, which is 5 centimeters. This is determined by the slope of the graph, indicating a decrease in snow depth. Choices C and D incorrectly describe an increase in snow depth, while choice A exaggerates the rate of snow melting compared to the actual value of 5 centimeters per day.

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