how does friction affect motion

ATI TEAS 7

TEAS Test 7 science

1. How does friction affect motion?

A. Friction increases speed
B. Friction decreases speed
C. Friction has no impact on speed
D. Friction causes objects to float

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Friction is a force that opposes motion when two surfaces are in contact. It acts in the opposite direction to the direction of motion, causing objects to slow down or come to a stop. Therefore, friction decreases speed rather than increasing it. Choice A is incorrect as friction does not increase speed but rather hinders it. Choice C is incorrect because friction does have an impact on speed by slowing down objects. Choice D is incorrect as friction's effect is not making objects float but rather causing resistance to motion.

2. Which types of glial cells are in the PNS?

A. Schwann cells, satellite cells
B. Astrocytes, oligodendrocytes
C. Microglia, ependymal cells
D. Satellite cells, oligodendrocytes

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, which includes Schwann cells and satellite cells as the types of glial cells found in the peripheral nervous system. Schwann cells support neurons and myelinate axons, while satellite cells provide structural support and regulate the microenvironment around neurons in the PNS. Options B, C, and D are incorrect as they refer to glial cell types that are typically found in the central nervous system, not the peripheral nervous system. Astrocytes and oligodendrocytes are primarily located in the CNS, where they perform functions such as providing structural support and forming the blood-brain barrier. Microglia are immune cells found in the CNS responsible for immune defense and maintenance of neural environment, while ependymal cells line the cerebral ventricles and the central canal of the spinal cord, contributing to the production and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid.

3. What is the primary function of the stomach in the digestive system?

A. To absorb nutrients
B. To break down proteins
C. To neutralize stomach acid
D. To regulate body temperature

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To break down proteins.' The primary function of the stomach in the digestive system is to break down proteins using gastric acid and enzymes. The stomach's acidic environment aids in protein digestion and prepares food for further processing in the small intestine. Choice A is incorrect because nutrient absorption primarily occurs in the small intestine, not the stomach. Choice C is incorrect because the stomach actually produces stomach acid to aid in digestion, not to neutralize it. Choice D is incorrect because regulating body temperature is not a primary function of the stomach within the digestive system.

4. Which of the following is an example of an unsaturated fatty acid?

A. Stearic acid
B. Palmitic acid
C. Oleic acid
D. Butyric acid

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Oleic acid is an example of an unsaturated fatty acid because it contains one or more double bonds in its hydrocarbon chain, leading to kinks in the chain structure. This unsaturation gives it a lower melting point compared to saturated fatty acids. Stearic acid (A), Palmitic acid (B), and Butyric acid (D) are examples of saturated fatty acids as they do not contain any double bonds in their hydrocarbon chains, leading to a straight structure and higher melting points.

5. What is the term for a solution that has a higher concentration of solute compared to another solution?

A. Saturated solution
B. Unsaturated solution
C. Dilute solution
D. Concentrated solution

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, a concentrated solution. A concentrated solution contains a higher concentration of solute compared to another solution. This means there is a large amount of solute dissolved in the solvent, making it more concentrated than other solutions. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. A saturated solution is one in which no more solute can be dissolved at a given temperature, an unsaturated solution can dissolve more solute at the given conditions, and a dilute solution has a low concentration of solute relative to the solvent.