ATI TEAS 7
ATI TEAS 7 science review
1. How does an increase in mass affect the force required to produce the same acceleration on an object?
- A. Increases force required
- B. Decreases force required
- C. Has no effect on force required
- D. Causes unpredictable changes in force required
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'Increases force required.' According to Newton's second law of motion, force is directly proportional to mass and acceleration (F = ma). Therefore, an increase in mass will require an increase in force to produce the same acceleration on an object. Choice B is incorrect because an increase in mass does not decrease the force required; it increases it. Choice C is incorrect as increasing mass does affect the force required. Choice D is incorrect as the relationship between mass and force is predictable according to Newton's laws of motion.
2. Which of the following is a pair of nerves that originates from the brain?
- A. Spinal nerves
- B. Olfactory nerves
- C. Sciatic nerve
- D. Optic nerve
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The olfactory nerves, choice B, are a pair of cranial nerves that originate from the brain. They are responsible for the sense of smell and are the only cranial nerves that directly connect to the cerebrum. Spinal nerves, choice A, originate from the spinal cord, the sciatic nerve, choice C, is a large nerve that originates in the lower back, and the optic nerve, choice D, originates from the retina of the eye. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not originate directly from the brain.
3. What macromolecules are formed from amino acids, and what are their roles?
- A. Lipids; store energy
- B. Carbohydrates; provide energy
- C. Proteins; perform various functions like catalysis, transport, and structural support
- D. Nucleic acids; store genetic information
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Proteins are macromolecules formed from amino acids and have diverse roles, such as serving as enzymes, transport molecules, and providing structural support. They are essential for catalysis, cellular communication, immune response, and many other functions in living organisms. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. Lipids are not formed from amino acids but from fatty acids and glycerol, mainly serving as energy storage molecules. Carbohydrates are composed of sugars and provide energy to the body. Nucleic acids, like DNA and RNA, are made up of nucleotides and store genetic information in cells.
4. What is the myelin sheath and what does it do?
- A. A group of nerve cells that perform a specific function.
- B. A fatty substance that insulates some nerve fibers.
- C. A fluid-filled cavity within the brain.
- D. The junction between two neurons.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The myelin sheath is a fatty substance that insulates some nerve fibers. It is made up of specialized cells that wrap around the axons of neurons, providing insulation and speeding up the transmission of nerve impulses. Choice A is incorrect as the myelin sheath is not a group of nerve cells but rather a substance that surrounds nerve fibers. Choice C is incorrect as the myelin sheath is not a fluid-filled cavity within the brain. Choice D is incorrect as the myelin sheath is not the junction between two neurons.
5. Which condition is commonly associated with frequent, painful urination?
- A. Diabetes
- B. Urinary tract infection (UTI)
- C. Kidney stones
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Frequent, painful urination can be indicative of various conditions. Diabetes may cause increased urination due to high blood sugar levels, UTIs can lead to pain and frequent urination, and kidney stones can also result in painful urination. Therefore, all of the options (A, B, and C) are correct in this scenario, making option D, 'All of the above,' the correct answer. Option D encompasses all the conditions commonly associated with frequent, painful urination, making it the most comprehensive and accurate choice.
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