Nursing Elites

1. An element with atomic number 26 and mass number 56 is most likely to be:

• A. Iron (Fe)
• B. Cobalt (Co)
• C. Nickel (Ni)
• D. Manganese (Mn)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The element with atomic number 26 and mass number 56 corresponds to Iron (Fe). Iron has 26 protons, which aligns with the given atomic number, and Fe-56 has 26 neutrons, which aligns with the given mass number. This confirms that Iron (Fe) is the correct answer. Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), and Manganese (Mn) have different atomic numbers and mass numbers, so they are not the correct choices in this scenario.

2. What causes lymphedema, a chronic condition, to occur?

• A. Inflammation of lymph nodes
• B. Blockage of lymph vessels
• C. Malfunction of the spleen
• D. Decrease in bone marrow production

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Lymphedema is a chronic condition that occurs when lymph vessels become blocked, leading to swelling and fluid retention in the affected area. Inflammation of lymph nodes, spleen malfunction, or decreased bone marrow production are not directly associated with the development of lymphedema. Lymph vessels play a crucial role in carrying lymphatic fluid, and when they are blocked, it disrupts the normal flow of fluid, resulting in lymphedema. Therefore, the correct answer is that lymphedema occurs when lymph vessels become blocked.

3. Microfilaments and microtubules are both components of the cytoskeleton, but they have different functions. Which of these describes microfilaments?

• A. Provide structural support and shape
• B. Facilitate cell movement and contraction
• C. Form the mitotic spindle during cell division
• D. Transport materials within the cell

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Microfilaments are thin, solid rods made of the protein actin and are primarily responsible for providing structural support to the cell and determining its shape. While they also play a role in cell movement, their main function is related to maintaining the structural integrity of the cell. Choice B, 'Facilitate cell movement and contraction,' describes microtubules, which are responsible for facilitating cell movement, providing structural support, and aiding in cell division. Choice C, 'Form the mitotic spindle during cell division,' specifically refers to the function of microtubules in forming the mitotic spindle. Choice D, 'Transport materials within the cell,' is characteristic of microtubules that are involved in intracellular transport of organelles and materials within the cell.

4. What is the process of a fertilized egg attaching itself to the uterine lining called?

• A. Ovulation
• B. Implantation
• C. Parturition
• D. Menstruation

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Implantation is the correct answer. It is the process in which a fertilized egg attaches itself to the uterine lining, where it will develop into an embryo and eventually a fetus. Ovulation, on the other hand, is the release of an egg from the ovary. Parturition refers to the process of giving birth, while menstruation is the shedding of the uterine lining if fertilization does not occur. Therefore, the process described in the question specifically pertains to implantation.

5. What happens to the wavelength of a wave when its frequency increases while the speed remains constant?

• A. Wavelength increases
• B. Wavelength decreases
• C. Wavelength remains the same
• D. Wavelength becomes zero

Correct answer: B

Rationale: When the speed of a wave is constant and the frequency increases, the wavelength must decrease to keep the speed constant. The speed of a wave is determined by the product of frequency and wavelength (speed = frequency x wavelength). If the frequency increases while the speed remains constant, the wavelength has to decrease proportionally to maintain the speed unchanged. Therefore, as the frequency increases, the wavelength decreases to ensure that the speed of the wave remains constant. Choice A is incorrect because as frequency increases, wavelength decreases. Choice C is incorrect as the wavelength cannot remain the same when frequency increases while speed is constant. Choice D is incorrect as the wavelength cannot become zero under these conditions.

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