Nursing Elites

1. The spleen is part of which system?

• A. nervous system
• B. integumentary system
• C. lymphatic system
• D. urinary system

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: lymphatic system. The spleen is a vital organ in the lymphatic system, responsible for filtering blood, producing and storing white blood cells, and aiding the body in fighting infections. The lymphatic system is crucial for maintaining the body's immune defenses and fluid balance. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the spleen is not part of the nervous system, integumentary system, or urinary system.

2. Which of the following is not a principal organ of the nervous system?

• A. Brain
• B. Thymus
• C. Ganglia
• D. Spinal cord

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The thymus is not a principal organ of the nervous system; it is part of the immune system. The brain, spinal cord, and ganglia are principal organs of the nervous system. The brain is responsible for processing information, the spinal cord helps transmit signals between the brain and the rest of the body, and ganglia are clusters of nerve cells that support the nervous system's functions. Therefore, the thymus is the correct answer as it is not directly involved in nervous system functions.

3. What is the main function of white blood cells?

• A. To carry oxygen
• B. To fight infections
• C. To carry nutrients
• D. To remove waste products

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The main function of white blood cells, also known as leukocytes, is to fight infections and foreign invaders to protect the body from harm. They play a crucial role in the immune system by identifying and destroying pathogens like bacteria and viruses, essential for maintaining the body's health and overall immunity. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as carrying oxygen is primarily done by red blood cells, carrying nutrients is a function of various body systems, and removing waste products is mainly the role of the kidneys and liver, not white blood cells.

4. Which organ system is primarily responsible for maintaining temperature control?

• A. The skeletal system
• B. The digestive system
• C. The nervous system
• D. The integumentary system

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The integumentary system, which includes the skin, hair, and nails, is primarily responsible for maintaining temperature control in the body. The skin helps regulate body temperature through processes like sweating to cool down and shivering to generate heat. Additionally, blood vessels in the skin can dilate or constrict to control the amount of heat lost or retained by the body. This system plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and keeping the body at a stable temperature. The skeletal system (Choice A) provides structural support and protection to the body but is not directly involved in temperature regulation. The digestive system (Choice B) is responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients, not for regulating body temperature. The nervous system (Choice C) controls body functions through electrical impulses but is not the primary system responsible for temperature control.

5. Where is the genetic material located within a cell?

• A. Nucleus
• B. Mitochondria
• C. Ribosome
• D. Golgi apparatus

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The genetic material, which is composed of DNA, is primarily located in the nucleus of a cell. The nucleus serves as the control center of the cell, housing the genetic information that directs the cell's functions and characteristics. Choice B (Mitochondria), C (Ribosome), and D (Golgi apparatus) are incorrect because while these cellular components play essential roles in the cell, they do not house the genetic material. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for energy production; ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis, and the Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing and packaging proteins for transport.

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