which vitamin is important for the absorption of iron

HESI A2

Quizlet HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology

1. Which vitamin is important for the absorption of iron?

A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin B12

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is Vitamin C. Vitamin C is essential for the absorption of iron, especially from plant-based sources. It aids in converting non-heme iron (found in plants) into a form that is easier for the body to absorb. This is crucial in preventing iron-deficiency anemia, making Vitamin C a key nutrient for overall health. Vitamin D (choice B) is important for calcium absorption and bone health, not iron absorption. Vitamin K (choice C) plays a role in blood clotting and bone metabolism, not iron absorption. Vitamin B12 (choice D) is important for red blood cell formation and neurological function but is not directly involved in iron absorption.

2. Which organ is involved in the immune system?

A. Heart
B. Bronchi
C. Appendix
D. Esophagus

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is the Appendix. The appendix is now known to play a role in the immune system by housing beneficial bacteria that aid in maintaining gut health and supporting immune responses. This organ contributes to overall immune function. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as the heart, bronchi, and esophagus are not primarily associated with the immune system.

3. The shoulder is _________ to the elbow.

A. posterior
B. proximal
C. distal
D. medial

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Proximal refers to a position closer to the point of attachment or origin. In this case, the shoulder is closer to the point of attachment to the body compared to the elbow, making it proximal to the elbow. 'Posterior' refers to the back side of the body, 'distal' means farther away from the point of attachment, and 'medial' refers to the middle of the body. These terms do not accurately describe the relationship between the shoulder and the elbow in this context.

4. What is the function of the stomach in the digestive system?

A. To absorb nutrients
B. To break down food
C. To produce bile
D. To store waste

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To break down food.' The stomach plays a crucial role in the digestive system by breaking down food using gastric acid and digestive enzymes. This process transforms the food into a semi-liquid mixture known as chyme, which is further digested in the small intestine. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the stomach does not primarily absorb nutrients, produce bile, or store waste. These functions are carried out by other organs in the digestive system such as the small intestine, liver, and large intestine, respectively.

5. Which of the following is not part of the central nervous system?

A. Retina
B. Spinal cord
C. Brain
D. Heart

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord, which are responsible for processing and coordinating information. The retina is part of the eye, while the heart is part of the circulatory system. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Spinal cord' as it is not part of the central nervous system.