Nursing Elites

1. Which type of muscle tissue is under voluntary control?

• A. Smooth muscle
• B. Cardiac muscle
• C. Skeletal muscle
• D. Cardiac muscle

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Skeletal muscle is under voluntary control, allowing conscious regulation for activities like walking and lifting. This type of muscle is attached to bones and is responsible for movement in the body. Smooth muscle (Choice A) is involuntary and found in organs like the stomach and intestines. Cardiac muscle (Choice B and D) is also involuntary and specific to the heart, contracting rhythmically to pump blood, but it is not under conscious control.

2. What is the primary function of the skeletal system?

• A. To produce blood cells
• B. To protect organs
• C. To store fat
• D. To secrete hormones

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the skeletal system is to protect vital organs, provide structural support, and enable movement. It serves as a framework that supports and protects internal organs, such as the brain, heart, and lungs. Choice A is incorrect because blood cell production primarily occurs in the bone marrow, a component of the skeletal system but not its primary function. Choice C is incorrect because fat storage is not a primary function of the skeletal system. Choice D is incorrect because hormone secretion is mainly regulated by endocrine glands, not the skeletal system.

3. Which cellular structure is responsible for energy production?

• A. Nucleus
• B. Mitochondria
• C. Ribosome
• D. Golgi apparatus

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Corrected Question: Mitochondria are organelles known as the powerhouses of the cell. They generate energy through cellular respiration, producing ATP, which is used for various cellular functions. This process is crucial for providing the energy necessary to fuel cellular activities and sustain life. The other choices, the nucleus, ribosome, and Golgi apparatus, are important cellular structures but are not directly responsible for energy production. The nucleus houses the cell's genetic material, the ribosome is involved in protein synthesis, and the Golgi apparatus is responsible for processing and packaging proteins.

4. Which type of blood cell is primarily responsible for fighting infections?

• A. Red blood cells
• B. White blood cells
• C. Platelets
• D. Plasma

Correct answer: B

Rationale: White blood cells, also known as leukocytes, play a crucial role in the immune system by primarily combating infections. These cells can identify and destroy pathogens, such as bacteria and viruses, helping the body defend against illnesses and maintain overall health. Red blood cells are responsible for oxygen transport, platelets aid in blood clotting, and plasma carries various components throughout the circulatory system, but none of these functions involve fighting infections like white blood cells do.

5. What is the primary role of the small intestine in nutrient absorption?

• A. To break down food
• B. To absorb nutrients
• C. To secrete digestive enzymes
• D. To store glucose

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To absorb nutrients.' The small intestine is the primary site for nutrient absorption in the digestive system. It plays a crucial role in absorbing nutrients from digested food into the bloodstream, facilitating the delivery of essential nutrients to the body for various functions and processes. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because while the small intestine does contribute to the breakdown of food and does secrete digestive enzymes, its primary function is to absorb nutrients, not to store glucose.

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