which type of joint is found in the hip

HESI A2

HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet

1. Which type of joint is found in the hip?

A. Hinge joint
B. Ball and socket joint
C. Pivot joint
D. Saddle joint

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ball and socket joint. The hip joint is classified as a ball and socket joint, allowing for a wide range of movement in multiple directions, including rotation. This joint structure provides stability and mobility, making it ideal for the hip's functions in bearing weight and facilitating various movements. Choice A, Hinge joint, is incorrect as hinge joints allow movement in only one plane, like the elbow or knee. Choice C, Pivot joint, is incorrect as pivot joints allow rotation around a single axis, like the joint between the first and second vertebrae. Choice D, Saddle joint, is incorrect as saddle joints are found in the thumb and allow movement in two planes, but they do not describe the hip joint.

2. Which hormone is produced by the thyroid gland?

A. Insulin
B. Thyroxine
C. Glucagon
D. Cortisol

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Thyroxine is the hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, heart rate, and growth. Insulin is produced by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar levels, not by the thyroid gland. Glucagon is also produced by the pancreas and helps increase blood sugar levels. Cortisol is produced by the adrenal glands and is involved in stress response and metabolism, not by the thyroid gland.

3. Which muscle is responsible for the extension of the elbow?

A. Biceps brachii
B. Triceps brachii
C. Deltoid
D. Pectoralis major

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Triceps brachii. The triceps brachii muscle is responsible for extending the elbow joint. It is located on the back of the upper arm and acts in opposition to the biceps brachii, which is responsible for elbow flexion. The deltoid muscle is primarily responsible for shoulder abduction, not elbow extension. The pectoralis major muscle is involved in movements of the shoulder joint, not the elbow.

4. Which vitamin is necessary for blood clotting?

A. Vitamin D
B. Vitamin K
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin B12

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Vitamin K is essential for the synthesis of proteins involved in blood clotting. These proteins help in the coagulation process, ensuring that wounds can heal properly by preventing excessive bleeding. Without sufficient Vitamin K, the blood clotting process may be impaired, leading to potential health risks. Vitamin D is important for bone health, Vitamin C is essential for the immune system and collagen production, and Vitamin B12 plays a role in red blood cell production and nerve function, but they are not directly involved in the blood clotting process.

5. Which of the following is an organ of the respiratory system?

A. Brain
B. Larynx
C. Urethra
D. Pancreas

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The larynx is an essential organ of the respiratory system. It plays a crucial role in producing sound, protecting the trachea from food aspiration, and regulating the airflow to and from the lungs. The brain is part of the nervous system, the urethra is part of the urinary system, and the pancreas is part of the digestive system. Therefore, they are not directly related to the respiratory system's functions.